同学们 Hello, class
我们上课了 Let's begin
今天我给大家讲的是城市总体规划中的综合防灾规划 Today, I'm going to talk about the comprehensive disaster prevention planning in the urban master plan
那第一部分城市综合防灾与城市综合防灾规划 The first part: urban comprehensive disaster prevention and urban comprehensive disaster prevention planning
主要是把综合防灾和综合防灾规划它们的关系要引出 It is mainly to lead out the relationship between comprehensive disaster prevention and its planning
那么城市综合防灾规划 So the urban comprehensive disaster prevention planning
它主要包含着两层意思 mainly contains two meanings
一个是对自然的灾害和人为灾害 One is natural disasters and man-made disasters
包括原生灾害与次生灾害 要全面的规划 Including primary disaster and secondary disaster that need comprehensive planning
制定综合对策 and formulation of comprehensive countermeasures
第二个要配合采取对灾害发生前 发生时和发生后的各项避灾 防灾 减灾 The second is to cooperate in taking measures to avoid, prevent, reduce and rescue disasters before, at and after
救灾等措施 the occurrence of disasters
那么城市综合防灾规划的特点 Then the characteristics of urban comprehensive disaster prevention planning
它有三个特点 There are three characteristics
第一个是多灾种 The first is multi disaster
自然灾害 Natural disaster, man-made disaster
人为灾害 Man-made disaster
中间又分成了事故型灾害和人为故意型灾害 are divided into accident type disasters and man-made intentional disasters
第二个特点是全过程 是灾前的防灾 The second characteristic is the whole process, it is disaster prevention before disaster,
灾中的救灾和灾后的重建 disaster relief during disaster and reconstruction after disaster
第三个特点是多手段 The third characteristic is multi means
工程防灾 规划防灾 Engineering disaster prevention, planning disaster prevention
和管理防灾 and management disaster prevention
那么我们城市综合防灾规划 Then the urban comprehensive disaster prevention plan
它主要是有这么两个方面 It mainly has two aspects
一个是我们城市规划中的综合发展规划 One is the comprehensive development plan in our urban planning
这是一个方面 This is one aspect
第二个有专门的 专项的城市综合发展规划 Second, there is a special comprehensive urban development plan
那么城市规划中的综合防灾规划 So the comprehensive disaster prevention planning in urban planning
是对城市安全防灾方面的用地设施等物质层面进行综合安排 is to comprehensively arrange the land use facilities and other material aspects of urban safety and disaster prevention
提出相关政策的导向 Put forward the guidance of relevant policies
专项的城市综合防灾规划是对城市安全防灾做全方位的系统的 Special urban comprehensive disaster prevention planning is a comprehensive, systematic and specific arrangement
具体的安排 for urban safety and disaster prevention
那么城市规划中的综合防灾特点 Then the comprehensive disaster prevention characteristics in urban planning
它还是刚才说的有三个特点 It still has three characteristics mentioned before
第一个是多灾种 The first is multi disaster
那么这个又涉及到城市的用地空间设施的多项自然和人为的灾害 It involves many natural and man-made disasters of urban land-use space facilities
那么全过程它侧重于灾前的预防避让 In the whole process, it focuses on the prevention and avoidance before the disaster
灾时的逃生保障和灾后的安置恢复重建 the escape guarantee during the disaster, and the resettlement, restoration and reconstruction after the disaster
第三个特点是多手段 The third characteristic is multi means
那么用地空间设施相关的规划 工程和管理手段 Planning, engineering and management means related to space facilities
第二个我想跟同学们讲的是城市总体规划中综合防灾规划的编制与实施 The second thing I want to talk about is the preparation and implementation of comprehensive disaster prevention plan in the urban master plan
那么城市综合防灾规划的主体编制 Then the main body of urban comprehensive disaster prevention planning
编制主体 Main body of establishment
它和相关部门第一个组织编制 It is the first organization of relevant departments
它的主体是市人民政府 Its main body is the Municipal People's Government
具体组织工作由城市的规划行政主管部门这个一般是规划局 The specific organizational work is generally organized by the planning administration department of the city, generally, it's the Planning Bureau
但是有些地方 规划局设置在住建局里头 But in some places, the planning bureau is set up in the housing and Construction Bureau
或者在建委里头 or in the Construction Committee
那么像编制规划相关的部门 一般情况下有水务 So, like the planning related departments, there are water affairs
它主要是防洪和抗寒的 It is mainly for flood control and cold resistance
那么还有抗防在抗震减灾局 Then there is the anti earthquake and disaster reduction Bureau
那么主要是抗震办 The anti-seismic office
主要是抗震的 is mainly anti-seismic
第三个国土局主要是地质灾害的防治 Thirdly, bureau of land and resources is mainly the prevention and control of geological disasters
第四个是建设系统的建委 The fourth is the Construction Committee of the construction system
还有其他部门 And other departments
主要是管的是防洪 排涝的 Mainly for flood control and drainage
还有消防大队 And the fire brigade
主要是消防 is mainly for fire fighting
人防办主要是考虑人防的 The Civil Air Defense Office mainly considers civil air defense
那么这一些相关的部门 Then, the procedures for the organization
规划的组织 preparation and implementation
编制实施的程序 of these relevant departments and plans
一般就是对上一轮规划的相关内容实施情况再评估 are generally reassessment of the implementation of the relevant contents of the previous round of plans
那么同样要组织编制的调研的 So we also need to organize some research work
第一个要调研报告 Research Report is needed first
第二是纲要的评审 Second, the review of the outline
然后规划的评审 And then the planning review
还有上报实施 And plan reporting and Implementation
那么规划实施主要是在城市总体规划的基础上 Then the implementation of the plan is mainly based on the urban master plan
各个部门组织专项的综合防灾规划 and each department organizes a special comprehensive disaster prevention plan
而且还有各个专业的发展规划 In addition, there are various professional development plans
第三个给同学们讲的就是说城市综合防灾规划的编制内容 The third one is to talk about the content of urban comprehensive disaster prevention planning
那么我们城市总体规划中的综合防灾规划的研究内容主要 So the research content of comprehensive disaster prevention planning in our urban master plan
有这么几个方面 mainly includes the following aspects
第一个是要研究确定区域或者或者流域与城市的防灾标准 The first is to study and determine the disaster prevention standards of regions or basins and cities
第二个是研究城市与周边地区重大的危险源分步和治理的策略 The second is to study the step-by-step and governance strategies of major hazard sources in cities and surrounding areas
第三要研究基于城市安全防灾的城市功能布局的 The third is to study the optimization scheme of urban functional layout based on
优化方案 urban safety and disaster prevention
这个在一般过去的规划里头比较少 This aspect is relatively small in the past planning
也有 There are
但是比较少 But relatively small
这应该是从安全防灾的角度对城市的功能布局进行优化 This should be from the perspective of safety and disaster prevention to optimize the functional layout of the city
第四个就是研究城市安全防灾空间 The fourth is to study the urban safety and disaster prevention space
包括疏散的通道 避难场所 Including the layout of evacuation passageways
它的布局 and shelters
以及相应的专业防灾规划 And the corresponding professional disaster prevention planning
和其他的相关规划 and other relevant planning
那么这样综合交通的绿地广场规划公共设施规划里头 So in the planning of public facilities of green square with such comprehensive transportation
第五个要研究城市重要生命线系统规划中的防灾规划措施 The fifth is to study the disaster prevention planning measures in the planning of urban vital lifeline system
那么生命线系统它包括了像我们给水 供电 通讯这一些系统中的我们的防灾 So lifeline system includes disaster prevention planning measures in water supply, power supply
的规划措施 and communication systems
再一个就是研究城市重要的防灾工程设施 Another is to study the layout of important urban disaster prevention engineering facilities
像防洪排涝设施 such as flood control and drainage facilities
消防设施 fire-fighting facilities
人防等这些布规划布局 civil air defense, etc
那么还有就是指定防灾救灾近期建设规划和它实施的措施 Then there is the designated short-term construction plan for disaster prevention and relief and the measures it implements
这图纸方面有很多 There are many drawings in these aspects
那么包括像我们的城市防灾空间规划布局图 Including urban disaster prevention spatial planning layout
城市综合防灾设施规划分布图等等这一类图纸 urban comprehensive disaster prevention facilities planning layout, etc
那么做得比较多 A good example of that
一个像北京市的城市总体规划中的综合发展规划 For example, the comprehensive development plan in the urban master plan of Beijing
它也主要是涉及了什么 What is it mainly about
我们的规划的目标和它的总体的防护要求 Our planning objectives and its overall protection requirements
这里确定的是原则 标准 措施 Here are the principles, standards and measures
综合防灾规划的建设的它的原则和措施 Its principles and measures for the construction of comprehensive disaster prevention planning
所以防洪减灾 防地震和地质灾害 消防人防 生命系统 综合减灾 Including flood control and disaster reduction, earthquake and geological disaster prevention, fire control and civil air defense, life system,
还有气象灾害 综合救灾等等这一些的内容 comprehensive disaster reduction and meteorological disaster comprehensive disaster relief, etc
第四个我想讲一讲当前我们城市常见的防灾问题和总体规划中的对策 Fourth, I would like to talk about the common disaster prevention problems in our cities and the countermeasures in the urban master planning
那么这主要是考虑这么一个方面 Mainly considering such an aspect
它的要点是将城市的规模 空间布局的结构和安全防灾系统要联系起来 The key point is to connect the scale of the city, the structure of the spatial layout and the safety and disaster prevention system
这是第一个 This is the first
第二个的要点要将城市道路交通 The second point is to make urban road traffic
绿地系统 Green space system
公共设施 市政设施 地下空间 Public facilities, municipal facilities, underground space
这些方面的规划与防灾规划要联系起来 These aspects of planning and disaster prevention planning should be linked
第三个要点要充分的考虑到当地主要的灾害发生的历史和地形 气候 The third point is to fully consider the history of major local disasters and the related factors of terrain
水文的防灾相关因素 climate and hydrology
第四个要点充分的考虑防灾设施的综合利用 The fourth point is to fully consider the comprehensive utilization of disaster prevention facilities
也就是平灾结合 That is, the combination of disaster prevention and relief at ordinary times