好好 Well
我们说道路交通或者说汽车交通影响污染大气 We say that road traffic or car traffic affects air pollution.
这里面我们还需要对污染机制还要简单的做一个认识 In this, we need to do a simple understanding of the pollution mechanism.
大气污染里面其实有两种 There are actually two kinds of air pollution.
我们就不休息了 We won't have a rest.
好 Well
我们接下去 Let's go on
有一种污染 There is a kind of pollution.
我们叫颗粒污染 We call particulate pollution
就我们通常说的威力或者叫有误 As we usually say, the power or the name is wrong.
有科有成立是吧 There is a branch that has been established, right?
然后这些悬浮粒子它根据它的大小不一样 Then these suspended particles, it varies according to their size.
有pm100PM十是吧 There's pm100pm ten isn't there
有pm2.5 PM2.5
这个是一种固态 This is a solid state.
另外还有一种就是气态的 Another is gaseous.
就我们大气污染经常会讲到温室气体 As far as our air pollution is concerned, we often talk about greenhouse gases.
好友会讲到刘讲到蛋这些 Friends will talk about Liu talking about eggs.
那么也有以前我记得有报道说 So there was a time when I remember there was a report saying
上海的这个pm2.5跟北京的pm2.52味道不一样 Shanghai's PM2.5 tastes different from Beijing's pm2.52.
好像每个城市这个味道偏什么 It seems that every city has a bad taste.
那个味道偏什么是吧 What's that smell?
这讲的就是气态污染物 This is about gaseous pollutants.
因为里面它化学的成分不一样 Because it's different in chemistry.
这里简单就给大家讲一个区别 Here is simply to tell you a difference.
我们知道现在在小汽车欧洲很多推柴油小汽车 We know that there are many diesel cars in Europe now.
柴油发动机的小汽车 A diesel engine car
而且把柴油发动机作为一个节能减排的一个举措在推 And the diesel engine as an energy-saving and emission reduction measures in the push.
为什么呢 Why?
因为柴油发动机大家注意 Because of the diesel engine, everyone should pay attention.
它是不会产生温室气体排放 It does not produce greenhouse gas emissions.
它烧的柴油它是排出来的 It burns diesel, it is discharged.
尾气里面不含碳 No carbon in the tail gas
它是含氮 It's nitrogen
但是柴油发动机它虽然不排温室气 But the diesel engine doesn't emit greenhouse gases.
它有个最大的问题 It has the biggest problem
它排颗粒物 It discharges particulate matter
财务发动机它会产生很多的颗粒物 Financial engines it produces a lot of particulate matter.
特别是pm10 Especially PM10
前面讲到巴黎 About Paris
为什么他偏食指数高 Why is his partial eclipse index high?
因为其实巴黎很多大概有百分之六七十的小汽车 Because in fact, there are a lot of cars in Paris, about sixty or seventy percent.
其实是采用柴油发动机的 In fact, diesel engines are used.
小汽车 Car
很早的时候柴油发动机技术不过关 Early on, diesel engine technology failed.
它滤网技术不过关 It does not pass the filter technology.
那么是很污染 So it's very polluted
最近几年因为在推柴油发动机 In recent years because of pushing diesel engines.
小汽车 Car
各个汽车制造厂商提高了滤网的过滤效率 Each auto manufacturer has improved the filter efficiency.
所以在欧洲很多柴油发动机的小汽车某种程度讲它是不排温室气体的 So in Europe, many diesel-powered cars do not emit greenhouse gases to some extent.
所以它是相对于汽油发动机是比较倾斜 So it is more inclined relative to the gasoline engine.
这是一个 This is a
那么有的同学就说 Then some students say
我们中国为什么不弄柴油发动机呢 Why don't we get a diesel engine in China?
好 Well
大家可以去看一下加油站里面 Everyone can go and look inside the gas station.
我们的柴油机只有一种叫零号柴油 Our diesel engine has only one type called zero diesel.
是吧 Right
但这个柴油你要是放到我们的柴油发动机小汽车里面 But if you put this diesel in our diesel engine car
小汽车可能很快就坏掉 The car may break down soon.
我们的零号柴油它是通用的 Our zero diesel is universal
它是大量要用在农业生产上面 It is a large amount to be used in agricultural production.
它的价格不可能太高 It can't be too expensive.
因为零号柴油如果高了以后 Because if zero diesel is high,
我们农产品的价格就要跟着上来 The price of our agricultural products will follow.
好 Well
因为所有的拖拉机农用车 Because all the tractor farm cars
包括很多运输物流 Including many transportation logistics
长途运输的这些大卡车 These big trucks for long distance transportation
运煤的 Coal-carrying
它都是柴油发动机 It's all diesel engines
而这些车它其实对油品的质量它没有那么高的要求 And these cars, it actually on the quality of oil, it is not so high requirements.
所以现在有为什么柴油小汽车在中国推不动 So why can't a diesel car be pushed around in China now?
其实曾经大众想推柴油发动机的车 In fact, people used to want to push diesel engines.
但是因为我们油品的这个实在是不过关 But because of our oil, this is really not good.
这个是一个额外的提醒给大家 This is an extra reminder for everyone.
那么可能在座有很多同学就会想 So maybe a lot of you would think
我们现在有很多技术是吧 We have a lot of technology right now
可以改善污染 Can improve pollution
我们知道现在有刚才说的改进柴油过滤技术 We know that there are improvements to the diesel filtration technology just mentioned.
有很独照在我们开始用天天然气 There is a very unique picture when we start using natural gas.
上海有一段时间出租车都是用天然气的 For some time in Shanghai, taxis were powered by natural gas.
后面有一个气罐 There is an air tank behind.
对吧 Right
那么这样用天然气以后 So after using natural gas like this
他也是没有碳排放 He also has no carbon emissions.
也没可能也颗粒排放也很少 There is no possibility, and there is very little emission of particles.
而且现在很多汽车它开始用生物燃料 And now a lot of cars, it starts using biofuels.
甚至于有一些汽车开始用叶青来的 Even some cars started using Ye Qing.
对燃料的技术现在有很多的改进 There are now many improvements in fuel technology.
另外我们也看到越来越多的什么电动汽车好 In addition, we also see more and more of what electric cars are good.
比亚迪是吧 BYD, right?
现在满大街 It is now full of streets.
比亚迪的秦非常多 BYD has a lot of Qin
新能源汽车我们都叫它 We all call it the new energy car.
甚至于生产悍马的公司 Even the Hummer company
他还出过这样的一个概念车 He also developed such a concept car.
这叫Otwo This is otwo
就是说我以后如果是这个车的话 That is to say, if I were this car in the future.
它不但污染环境 It not only pollutes the environment.
甚至于还可以产生氧气 Even oxygen can be produced.
也就是它不但是是不制造污染 That is, it does not produce pollution.
它还会改善空气 It will also improve the air.
如果是这个车投入使用的话 If this car is put into use
因为我们知道现在产业的发展技术进步很快的 Because we know that the development of the industry, the rapid technological progress.
现在已经人工智能都可以打败围棋高手了 Now the artificial intelligence can beat the go master.
是吧 Right
我想这个可能也不是说不可能实现 I think this may not be impossible.
那么在座同学可能有的会想 So, some of you may think
如果是这样的小汽车的话 If it is such a car
那么我们是不是就没有理由来反对他 So we have no reason to oppose him.
或者说现在我们已经看到了 Or now we've seen
很多地方电动车很多是吧 There are many electric cars in many places, aren't there?
发展的也很好 The development is also very good.
是不是 Isn't it
我们以后只要把所有的小汽车都变成电动汽车 We'll just have to turn all the cars into electric cars in the future.
那么城市交通就可持续发展了 Then the city traffic will be sustainable.
这个环境问题就没有了 This environmental problem is gone.
我们来看一些消息 Let's look at some news.
这个是前两个礼拜的消息 This is the news from the last two weeks.
网上大家一搜就搜到 You can find it as soon as you search it on the Internet.
特斯拉大家都知道 Tesla is known to all
他也像环保是吧图景的一种 He is also like environmental protection, is it a kind of picture?
汽车 Car
但是这个车到了新加坡 But the car arrived in Singapore.
就因为碳排放被罚款 Be fined for carbon emissions
高 High
为什么 Why
那么大家如果仔细去看一下这个新闻 So if you look at the news carefully
就会发现 And you'll find out
因为特斯拉它其实它的耗电量太大 Because Tesla actually uses too much power
同样的电动汽车 The same electric car
比如说宝马 Like BMW
他最新的A7也很大 His latest a7 is also big.
它的耗电量跟他比大概要小三大概占它的1/3 It uses about three percent less electricity than he does, about one third of it.
那么它是耗电量大以后就涉及到一个问题 So it's a big power consumption problem
就是右边的这张图 This is the picture on the right.
你的电视怎么了 What's wrong with your TV?
如果说你的电视将来的烧煤烧出来的 If your TV will burn coal in the future
然后你在城市里面你是用电没问题 Then you are in the city and you are using electricity okay
很清洁 Very clean
但是你无形当中把你的污染移移到哪里 But where do you move your pollution invisible?
移到郊区去了 Moved to the suburbs
到 To
那么也就是说从这样一个评估来看 So that means judging from such an assessment
所以新加坡它就是这么算 So Singapore, that's how it works.
他有个叫排放因子 He has an emission factor
他算了算 He calculated
你特斯拉用电 You use electricity for Tesla
当然它可以减少一些排放 Of course, it can reduce some emissions.
但是你用电太多 But you use too much electricity
你为了生产这些电 You make this electricity
它又会增加一些排放 It will add some emissions.
这两者相比 Compare the two
最后他还是要罚1.5万新币 In the end, he had to fine $15,000.
所以这个我想是一个全链条的一个考核 So this, I think, is a whole chain of assessment.
并不是说一个电动汽车它真的就是完全的清洁 Not that an electric car is really clean.
这个也是国外学者对中国电动汽车的一个一个担忧 This is also a foreign scholar on China's electric vehicles a concern.
一方面是电池这里我就不展开了 On the one hand, the battery here, I do not open.
这是很技术的问题 This is a very technical problem.
关键是你店怎么来 The key is how to come to your shop.
如果在欧洲像法国它80%的能源是来源于核电站和能源 If in Europe, like France, 80% of its energy is derived from nuclear power plants and energy.
我觉得是干净的 I think it's clean.
那么你电动车在法国就要比在中国更干净是吧 So your electric car is cleaner in France than in China is it
所以这个我想提醒大家 So I would like to remind you of this
还有一个问题 There is another problem.
也是电动车解决不了的 The electric car can not be solved.
对 Right
空间的占有 Space possession
对吧 Right
我们可以看一下底下这张图 We can look at the picture below.
这张图我讲很多地方都有 I'm talking about this picture.
就是说在一个路段上面 That is to say, on a section of road
我要把这么多人从一个点运到另外一个点 I want to transport so many people from one point to another.
如果是用公共汽车 If by bus
就一辆车就够 Just one car is enough.
如果是用小汽车 If it's in a car
他就要把所有的路都占掉 He is going to take all the way.
也就是说这张图它运的人是这么多这么多 That is to say, this picture has so many people.
他如果是只用公共汽车 If he only uses a bus
就这样一点空间就够了 Just a little space is enough.
这说明什么问题 What does this mean?
说明小汽车它实在是太占地方 It's too much space for a car.
我们简单的看 Let's look at it briefly.
一辆小汽车的标准尺寸大概是1米8乘五米 The standard size of a car is about one meter eight by five meters.
宽1米8 Width 1 meter 8
长五米 Five meters long
我们标准的尺寸 Our standard size
那么近的面积它是九平方米 So near the area, it is nine square meters.
如果两个乘起来对吧 If two times, right?
但是大家都知道 But everyone knows
我们在设计停车库的时候 When we were designing the garage
我们要给汽车的一个面积大概是要25到30平米 We will give the car an area of about 25 to 30 square meters.
因为我们除了考虑它十个平米的停车的地方 Because we have to consider it in addition to ten square meters of parking space.
我们还要考虑它什么 What do we have to think about it
它停进去的通道还要进来的 The way it stops in, it has to come in.
拖到上下的通道等等 Drag up and down the aisle, etc.
那么如果我们就按这个指标来算 So if we count on this indicator
一辆车它在城市里面使用 A car it's used in the city
我们也是算它30平米的话 We also count it 30 square meters.
大家再看看现在我们人均的建城市建设用地 Now we look at the per capita urban construction sites.
大概一个人是一百平方米 One person is about one hundred square meters.
那么就说明什么 So what does that mean
在人均的一百平米里面 In the per capita 100 square meters.
1/33要给车 1/33 for the car
你只能用2/3 You can only use two thirds
好 Well
而且大家都知道你买车了 And everyone knows you bought a car.
你肯定舍不得把这个车停到停在这两公里以外 You must be reluctant to park the car two kilometers away.
你肯定希望这辆车最好在你楼下 You'd better have the car downstairs.
也就是说你到哪里这个车就跟到哪里 In other words, the car will follow you wherever you go.
对吧 Right
那么这样的话很明显的我们就发现 So it's obvious that we'll find out.
如果是大家都买车的话 If everyone buys a car
最后怎么办 What's the last thing to do?
这个城市一定要膨胀 The city must expand.
这个城市不膨胀的话装不了这么多人的 The city can't hold so many people if it doesn't expand.
因为这些人他背上面都背着辆车 Because these people he carried a car on his back
而且这辆车他都是跟着他的 And he followed him in this car
好 Well
大家只要想象一下这个图景 You just have to imagine this picture
你就知道小汽车占用这个空间 You know the car takes up this space.
这个问题是解决不了 This problem can't be solved.
哪怕你是Oto Even if you are Otto
你也要占这么多的面积 You have to take up so much space.
有的同学说好 Some students said yes.
我们把它折起来挂起来 We folded it up and hung it up.
或者说变成两轮的行不行 Or can we turn it into two rounds?
这个是另外一个话题 This is another topic.
因为我们知道汽车的好处是什么 Because we know what's good about cars.
是允许你用一个50到60公里的速度移动 Is allowing you to move at a speed of 50 to 60 kilometers.
对吧 Right
如果是摩托车的话 If it's a motorcycle
你用50到60公里去移动 You use 50 to 60 kilometers to move
你就是拿你的姓名在做开玩笑 You're just kidding with your name
是吧 Right
所以为什么我们的车现在要做的这么大 So why does our car have to be so big now?
做得这么重 So heavy
就是为了让你在以五六十公里移动的时候 Just to get you to move fifty or sixty kilometers
你还能生存下来 You can still survive
所以你这个车如果真的做的很轻 So if you really do this car, it's very light.
能够挂起来能够折起来 Capable of being hung and folded.
理论上讲是很好 In theory it's very good.
但是如果没有相应的智能的交通安全来管理的话 But if there is no corresponding intelligent traffic safety to manage.
没有人敢开的 Nobody dares to drive.
一上路一下子就飞出去了 As soon as we hit the road, we flew out.
还有一个问题 There is another problem.
我不知道大家有想过没有 I don't know if anyone has thought about it.
其实如果你有一辆车 In fact, if you have a car,
你每天打使用大部分人用到两个小时已经蛮高了 It's quite high for most people to use it for two hours every day.
能做到三小时的人已经是很厉害了 The man who can do it for three hours is already great.
因为我们知道的一天八小时工作时间是吧 Because we know eight hours a day, right?
你为了工作八个小时 You work for eight hours
你开一个半小时去上班 You drive an hour and a half to work.
一个半小时回来 Come back in an hour and a half
这已经很累 This is already very tired.
大部分人一天我觉得用到一个小时多一点 Most people use a little more than an hour a day.
差不多了 Almost
一天24个小时 24 hours a day
然后你们这样一算就知道一辆车 And then you know a car like that
其实你在用它的时候 In fact, when you use it.
还占不到10% Less than 10%.
好 Well
就这辆车你买来 This is the car you bought.
其实有90%的时间 In fact, there is 90% time.
你是把它供在那里 You're giving it up there
放到一个很好的停车库上面 Put it on a nice parking garage
或者停车位上 Or in a parking space
经常去看看会不会被碰什么的 Go and see if you'll be touched.
真正你用到它的时间 You really use it in time.
打死 Shoot to death
10% 10%
好 Well
那么这还是算上什么 So what is it?
你周末开出去玩 You go out to play on the weekend.
过节的时候开长途出去玩那么几天 A few days out on the holidays
大家如果有时间可以自己做个统计 If you have time, you can do your own statistics.
自己家里面有车的话 If you have a car in your own house
你可以算一算 You can count
当然你真的用它的时间有多少 Sure how much time do you really have with it
好 Well
这么一算你就会发现其实不太划算是吧 You'll find that it's not a good deal, is it?
好 Well
这就是我说的 That's what I said
除了污染环境 In addition to polluting the environment
尾气排放的问题 Emission problems
还有一点特别在城市里 One more thing, especially in the city.
你要是在农村里面可以问 If you are in the countryside, you can ask.
他有的是地方随便 He has plenty of places to go.
但是你要住在城市里面 But you're going to live in the city.
然后你要背着一个车站 Then you have to carry a station.
你后面这个呢就有问题了 What about this one behind you?
好 Well
刚才讲了 As I said just now
我想主要是让大家知道 I think the main thing is to let everyone know.
其实很多很抽象的大道理 In fact, there are many abstract truths.
其实并不那么抽象 It's not that abstract
很容易理解 Easy to understand
也是非常具体的问题 It is also a very specific problem.
那么我们现在在我们国家当前的一个状态下 So we are now in the current state of our country.
我们要走可持续城乡交通这条路 We should take the road of sustainable urban and rural transportation.
怎么样来摆好经济增长 How to set good economic growth?
怎么样摆好经济增长环境保护和社会公平的关系 How to establish the relationship between economic growth, environmental protection and social equity
这个问题也就是PPTPPT上讲的某种意义上讲是我个人的理解 This question is, in a sense, my personal understanding of the pptppt.
不是说一定对 Not necessarily right
而且在不同的国家 And in different countries
你会发现他对这些目标的一个优先次序是不一样的 You will find that his priorities for these goals are different.
我认为在我们国家 I think in our country
我们当前的城市 Our current city
我们的可持续城 Our sustainable city
城市城乡交通首先要满足居民的出行需求 Urban and rural transportation must first meet the travel needs of residents.
这个是首先要买 This is the first thing to buy
首先要满足 First of all, be satisfied.
因为我们知道我们现在在做什么新型城镇化是吧 Because we know what we're doing now, right?
新型城镇化也就意味着我们还有越来越多的人要集中到城市里面来 The new urbanization means that we have more and more people to concentrate in the city.
我们刚刚到了50%的阶段 We have just reached the stage of 50%.
那么很多城市很多省 So many cities, many provinces.
它已经预测要达到70% It has forecast to reach 70%.
也就还有20%的人要往城市里面来 There are 20% more people coming to the city.
那么到了成越来越多的人到城市里面来 Then more and more people come to the city.
那就意味着什么 What does that mean?
意味着我们要提供更多的交通服务 It means we have to provide more transportation services.
因为这些人他来这里都要工作 Because these people he came here to work.
都要学习 Have to learn
都要出行 Have to travel
所以首先要满足这个挑战 So first of all, meet the challenge.
你不能说我为了环保 You can't say I'm trying to protect the environment.
我什么都不做 I'm not doing anything
最后人家出门很困难 At last it was very difficult for them to go out.
我想这个事基本要满足 I think the matter should be satisfied.
另外我们也看到近几年大家的生活水平都在提高 In addition, we also see that in recent years, everyone's living standards are improving.
那么生活水平提高以后 So after the improvement in living standards
它出行的意愿也就高了 Its willingness to travel is also high.
我要多出去玩玩是吧 I want to hang out more, right?
出去走亲访友 Go out to visit relatives and friends
那么这样的话 So in that case
相比以前你更多的时间用在工作 You spend more time at work than before.
我现在更多的时间可能要用在生活消费购物 I now have more time to spend on living, spending and shopping.
也就是说我们生活方式也变 In other words, our way of life has changed.
那么以前我出行我没有什么要求 So before I went out I had no request
我像生活水平高了 I seem to have a high standard of living.
我有的时候我要讲效率 Sometimes I want to talk about efficiency.
比如我上班的时候我希望快 For example, when I go to work, I hope it's fast.
我周末的时候我要讲舒服 I'm going to be comfortable on the weekend
我要坐小汽车 I want to take a car.
我可以卖你 I can sell you
但是我要舒服 But I want to be comfortable
所以我们可以看到现在需求 So we can see the demand now
它是越来越多样 It is more and more diverse.
我想满足需求 I want to meet the demand.
是可持续城乡交通的一个首要的一个目标 Is a sustainable urban and rural transport is a primary goal.
因为大家可以看到可持续后面有两个字叫发展 Because you can see that there are two words behind sustainable development.
没有发展 Have no development
你在可持续 You're sustainable
它也没有什么意义阿 It doesn't make any sense either
难就难在可发展和可持续 The difficulty lies in sustainable development and sustainability.
这个矛盾怎么解决 How to solve this contradiction?
但是在现阶段我们国家还是要谋求发展的情况下 But at this stage, our country is still seeking development.
我觉得满足需求是首要 I think meeting the demand is the first priority.
要是要保证的一个目标 If you want to guarantee a goal.
那么第二个方面也是跟发展有关 Then the second aspect is also related to development.
我们城乡交通还是要不断的提高自己的效率 We should constantly improve our efficiency in urban and rural transportation.
来服务于经济发展 To serve economic development
到不能说我们现在已经很发达 We can't say that we are very developed now.
那么在关于小汽车来讲 So in terms of cars
现在也有一个统计 Now there is also a statistic.
全球的话如果我们按每千人拥有小汽车的量 Globally, if we have cars per thousand people.
全世界的平均水平大概是140辆 The world average is about 140 vehicles.
一千人有140辆车 One thousand people have 140 cars.
那么中国的情况 So the situation in China
现在每一千人大概有70辆车 Now there are about 70 cars per thousand people.
我说的全世界平均水平是连非洲国家这些不发达国家全算在里面 The average level of the world I am talking about is that even African countries and these underdeveloped countries are all included in it.
也就是我们国家现在人均小汽车的拥有率 That is, the per capita ownership rate of cars in our country.
如果不看成是不讲城市的话 If it's not a city
总体来看其实是低于全球水平 In general, it is below the global level.
那么作为一个非常高效的一个交通工具 So as a very efficient means of transportation
如果我们不好好的去利用它 If we don't make good use of it
其实我们也会失掉很多发展的机会 In fact, we will also lose a lot of opportunities for development.
因为我们知道好的经济的组织运转 Because we know that good economic organization works.
它需要尽可能降低运输的成本时间的成本和机会的成本 It needs to minimize the cost of transportation, the cost of time, and the cost of opportunity.
那么在满足可持续交通 Then meet sustainable transportation
能够支持经济发展的需要的这个基础上面 On the basis of the need to support economic development
我们要进一步加强环境和资源的保护 We should further strengthen the protection of environment and resources.
来提高社会公平 To improve social equity
所以这个是针对我们国家现阶段的一个 So this is one for our country at this stage
因为在很多城市 Because in many cities
上海当然是是相对发达的一个地区 Shanghai, of course, is a relatively developed region.
但是如果我们到内地去看 But if we go to the mainland to see.
有很多城市 There are many cities.
它其实交通的基础设施建设还相当的落后 In fact, the transport infrastructure is still quite backward.
我们不能说我们因为要可持续城乡交通了 We can't say we're going to have sustainable urban and rural transportation.
那就很多东西不做 That's a lot of things not to do
所以在在我们还处在一个不补差距的这样一个阶段 So now we are still in such a stage that we do not fill the gap.
其实对很多城市来讲 In fact, for many cities.
那么顺便提一下 Then by the way
那么在很多发达国家 So in many developed countries
比如说在一些基础设施建设已经非常完备的国家 For example, in some countries where infrastructure is already well developed.
类似于像法国它的可持续交通 Like France, it's sustainable transportation.
它就会把社会公平放在第一位 It will put social justice first.
所以我们也不能说片面的把它的就拿过来 Therefore, we can not say that one-sided to take it.
因为我们知道大家昨天也发现了是吧 Because we know we found out yesterday, right?
比利时的爆炸说穿了就是一个社会矛盾激化 The explosion in Belgium is, to put it bluntly, an intensification of social contradictions.
也就是说在欧洲现在的主要问题是社会问题 In other words, in Europe, the main problem now is social problems.
超过了经济问题 Go beyond economic problems
所以很自然他们会把社会的目标在可持续三个项目里面放在第一位 So naturally, they will put the social goals in the first place among the three sustainable projects.
所以我想告诉大家的不是说一定是按我这个顺序更合理 So what I want to tell you is not that it must be more reasonable in my order.
而是说我们在决定政策的时候 But when we decide policy
它通常也是有优先次序的 It is also usually given priority.
好 Well
优先次序是要因城市而定 Priorities are determined by the city.
因具体的情况来来确定 To determine by specific circumstances.
那么具体来说 So specifically
我们落实到交通上应该怎么做呢 What should we do in the traffic?
首先为了满足需求 First, to meet the needs.
在大城市我们要优先发展公共交通 In big cities, we should give priority to the development of public transport.
也就是说我们在满足需求的目的下面 That is to say, we are below the purpose of meeting the demand.
我们要优先用公共交通来满足需求 We should give priority to public transport to meet demand.
而不是说用小汽车来满足需求 Instead of using cars to meet demand
说特别是对大城市来讲 Especially for big cities
大城市这里包含了特大城市超大城市 The big city here contains the big city.
那么同时还有个现象也要注意 At the same time, there is also a phenomenon to pay attention to.
像有一些小城市他也要造地铁 Like some small cities, he also has to build subway.
因为他说我要公交优先 Because he said I want a bus first
这种现象我觉得大家也要警惕 I think we should also be vigilant about this phenomenon.
因为小城市它有更合理的或者更适应他条件的公共交通方式 Because small cities have more reasonable or better adapted to their conditions of public transport.
甚至于有一些非公共交通方式 There are even some non-public transport modes
比如说自行车 For example, bicycles.
可能在一个小城市里面它就是最有效率 It is probably the most efficient in a small city.
这个时候你不去用这样的一个交通方式来满足需求而去造地铁 At this time, you do not use such a way of transportation to meet the needs of the building of the subway.
我觉得这是很荒谬的事情 I think this is a ridiculous thing.
第二个我们要正确的引导并积极的应对小汽车的发展 Second, we should guide and respond positively to the development of the car.
做政策的人一定不能说我不看需求 Policy makers must not say that I do not look at demand.
我就捂着眼睛一厢情愿的说我要限制小汽车 I just covered my eyes and said I wanted to limit the car.
这是不可以 This is not allowed
因为这样的话 Because of that
你这个政策是没有办法实施的 There is no way to implement your policy.
因为你下面所有的居民他都等着排排着队去拍牌的话 Because all the people below you, he's waiting in line to play.
我想你必须要正确的认识小汽车 I think you must know the car correctly.
到底小汽车以后 After the car
我们是怎样的一个一个政策的导向 What is a policy direction we are?
是严格控制 Is strictly controlled
合理引导还是怎么样 What about reasonable guidance?
它的增长某种意义上讲是不可避免的 Its growth is, in a sense, inevitable.
只有到一个程度 Only to one degree
就是所有的大家对小汽车都厌倦 That is, everyone is tired of cars.
所有的特别现在在美国已经出现新一代的年轻人 All in particular, there is now a new generation of young people in the United States.
因为他从小就在汽车文化里面长大 Because he grew up in the car culture.
他对汽车1点新奇感都没有了 He has no sense of the novelty of the car at 1:00.
他反而觉得这个是一个很很很低品位的 Instead, he thought it was a very low grade.
或者说真的是很不健康的一种产品 Or is it really a very unhealthy product?
他开始排斥他的时候 When he started to reject him
但我想对中国很多年轻人汽车可能还没有到这个程度 But I think for many young people in China, cars may not have reached this level.
所以我们要正确的来对待社会的一个需求和它的一个趋势 So we have to deal with a social needs and its trends correctly.
特别在大城市大城市里面要控制保有量 Especially in big cities and big cities to control the amount of possession.
同时要限制它的使用 At the same time to limit its use.
使使用者能够合理的来用 To enable the user to use it reasonably
比如说在这两个交通点之间已经有公共交通服务的情况下 For example, if there is already a public transport service between the two traffic points.
是不是能够尽量的劝导他们使用公共交通 Is it possible to persuade them to use public transport?
而不要用小汽车 Instead of using a car
好 Well
第三个方面涉及到第三个交通方式 The third aspect involves the third mode of transportation.
非机动交通 Non-motor traffic
步行和自行车 Walking and cycling
我们要积极的扶持 We should actively support it.
因为这个它是最弱势的一种交通方式 Because of this, it is the most vulnerable form of transportation.
而且我们知道非机动交通如果越多步行的越多 And we know that the more non-motor traffic, the more we walk.
自然而然公共交通的使用者就越多 The more users of natural public transport
因为使用公交的人他不可能说没有不行的 Because of the people who use the bus, he can't say no.
他一定要通过一段步行才能到车站 He had to go through a walk to get to the station.
到了另外一个车站他还是要步行才能完成他的出行 At another station, he had to walk to complete his journey.
所以大家如果养成不行习惯 So if we get into a bad habit
步行的越多 The more you walk
自然而然公交的使用者就会增加 The number of users of natural buses will increase.
最后两点比较抽象 The last two points are more abstract.
后面我们可以结合实例来讲 Later, we can combine examples to talk about.
一个城市里面它的交通方式越多越好 The more traffic there is in a city, the better.
底特律就是一个非常不好的例子 Detroit is a very bad example.
一旦一种交通方式不行的 Once a mode of transportation doesn't work.
这个城市就瘫痪 The city is paralyzed.
在一个大城市里面一定要避免 Be sure to avoid it in a big city.
所以我们要积极发展多种形式的交通出行的可能性 Therefore, we should actively develop a variety of forms of transportation travel possibilities.
各种交通方式 Various modes of transportation
然后来促使它们的整合和衔接 And then to promote their integration and cohesion.
最后就是要建设一个有利于以人为本的包容性 Finally, it is necessary to build a people-oriented inclusive.
包容性就是说我们除了要考虑我们年轻力壮者的出行需求 Inclusiveness means that we have to consider the travel needs of our young and strong people.
我们还要考虑到老年人考虑到残障人士他们的出行需求 We also have to take into account the elderly, taking into account the disabled, their travel needs.
我们现在经常说的无障碍的交通环境 What we often talk about now is accessibility.