好 Well
后面我想我用一些实例 I think I'll use some examples later.
很多的图片给大家做一个比较直观的一个一个介绍 A lot of pictures for you to do a more intuitive one.
首先如果要公交优先 First of all, if the bus priority.
除了我们要造很多公共交通设施 Besides, we have to build a lot of public transport facilities.
最根本的是要让很多人用 The most fundamental thing is to let a lot of people use.
那么很多人用你首先这个东西要有性 So many people want to have sex with you first
公共交通最大的敌人是小汽车 The biggest enemy of public transport is cars.
因为在没有小汽车的时候 Because when there's no car
公共交通是最便捷的 Public transportation is the most convenient.
因为小汽车出来了 Because the car came out
所以大家才开始放弃了公交通 That's why we started to give up public transport.
所以如果公共交通它能够也像小汽车一样的那么舒适 So if public transportation can be as comfortable as a car
那么便捷 So convenient
它就有竞争力 It's competitive
那么有一些开车的人 So there are some drivers
他觉得停车很麻烦 He found parking very troublesome.
觉得路况很复杂 Find the road very complicated
它就有可能放弃 It might give up
我们可以看到在国外的一些城市 We can see some cities abroad.
现在再把公共交通做得非常的什么 Now what is the public transport doing very much?
时尚 Fashion
它像个艺术品一样 It's like a work of art
然后也可以看得出来这个环境是很舒适 Then you can also see that the environment is very comfortable.
很平稳 Very smooth
因为这是低地台的有轨电车 Because this is a low platform tram
非常平稳 Very smooth
景观也很好 The view is also very good.
那么这个速度可能没有地铁快 Then this speed may not be as fast as the subway.
但是如果天气好的时候 But if the weather is fine
你会发现很多人他不愿意坐地铁 You will find a lot of people who don't want to take the subway.
因为坐在地铁里面黑黑乎乎的是吧 Because it's dark in the subway isn't it
像都在隧道里面 It's all in the tunnel
那么坐在这个车上来看看两边的风景又很舒服 So it's nice to sit in this car and see the scenery on both sides.
所以希望通过这样的一种公交的形象 So I hope that through such a public transport image.
让大家觉得我公共交通它是很时尚 Let people think I'm on public transport it's very fashionable
一种绿色生态的一种生活方式 A green ecological way of life.
同时本身又很舒服 At the same time, it is very comfortable.
这样话自然而然它具有竞争力和吸引力 Naturally, it is competitive and attractive.
这是巴黎的有轨电车 This is the Paris tram.
我们就可以看到他这个环境考虑得非常周全 We can see that his environment is very thoughtful.
而且你看到这个环境你就很舒服 And you're comfortable when you see the environment.
你就很愿意在这里候车 You would like to wait here.
你也觉得使用交通方式好像不比小汽车掉份 You also think that the way you use traffic is no less than a car.
从你心里的选择 Choose from your heart
而且我们可以看到 And we can see
他两天就是小汽车到好小汽车到被他的挤压了以后压缩了 He was a good car in two days, but it was compressed after he had squeezed it.
所以可以看到这样的一个非常明确的公共交通和小汽车 So you can see such a very clear public transport and cars.
它是平等权利的这样一种一种处置方式 It is such a way of dealing with equal rights.
那么特别在一些历史街区 So especially in some historic blocks
在传统街区 In the traditional neighborhood
传统街区很尴尬 Traditional neighborhoods are awkward
因为小汽车要进去的话 Because the car is going in
马上就破坏了风貌 It soon ruined the scene
如果小汽车不进去 If the car doesn't go in
他因为小这个街区交通不方便 He is inconvenient for the traffic in this small block.
很快的年轻人就不愿意呆了 Soon the young people were reluctant to stay.
所以在欧洲城市很多历史中心 So there are many historical centers in European cities.
它就开始建有轨电车 It started to build trams
通过公共交通引进 Introduction by public transport
而且他会请很著名的建筑师 And he would hire a famous architect
这个是著名建筑师 This is a famous architect.
英国的福斯特设计的车站 Foster station in England
他就结合公共交通 He combines public transport
它把整个空间都做了一个非常好的设计 It makes a very good design of the whole space.
这样的话他就感觉公共交通跟品质跟质量它是在一起的 In this way, he will feel that public transport with quality and quality, it is together.
当然了 Of course
优先发展公共交通 Giving priority to the development of public transport
提高竞争力性 Increase competitive power
还要注意 Be careful
就是要做必要的成本控制 Is to do the necessary cost control.
刚才我们举的那些例子 The examples we have just given
法国的例子 The example of France
它其实每个项目的成本都是严格控制 In fact, the cost of each project is strictly controlled.
它不会增加你出行的票价 It won't increase the price of your trip
我们要避免一方面把公交做得很舒服 We should avoid making the bus very comfortable on the one hand.
但是公交的价格做的很高 But the bus price is very high.
这也不行 That's no good either.
前面有一个例子 There is an example above.
这里我简单说一下 Let me say a few words here.
就是昆明 It is Kunming
昆明我们知道是春城是吧 Kunming, we know it is spring city, right?
春城我们都说四季如春 We all say that the seasons are like spring.
所以公共交通不需要空调 So public transportation doesn't need air conditioning
所以有一段时间昆明的公交公司它推出了空调车 So there was a time when the bus company in Kunming launched an air-conditioned car.
说更舒服 Say more comfortably
夏天你也有空调不热 You also have air conditioning in summer, but it's not hot.
但是空调蒸出来以后 But when the air conditioner comes out
票价要比原来的贵一倍 The fare is twice as expensive as the original one.
原来的一块钱一下都变得很块钱 The original one becomes very much.
结果市民的意见很大 As a result, there was a lot of public opinion.
他说你表面上是提高公交的舒适度 He said you were ostensibly improving the comfort of the bus.
实际上是是赚我们的钱 It's actually making our money
所以这个事情到现在还在整理 So this thing is still being sorted out.
对昆明公交的做法 The practice of Kunming public transportation
市民的意见非常大 The views of the public are very strong.
上海也是这样 The same is true of Shanghai.
包括我们前面讲到的绿皮火车 Including the green trains we talked about earlier
是吧 Right
对我们的高铁挤压以后 After squeezing our high-speed rail
现在没有绿皮火车了 There are no green trains now.
这就说明什么 What does that mean?
其实高铁是舒服的 In fact, the high-speed rail is comfortable.
但是某种意义上讲 But in a sense
它增加了我们出行的成本 It increases the cost of our trip
在城市公交的发展当中也要注意 Attention should also be paid to the development of urban public transport.
另外要注意它的公平性 In addition, pay attention to its fairness.
还有它的洁净化 And its cleansing
我们可以看到上海在做一些常识 We can see that Shanghai is doing some common sense.
公交我们要积极的发展 We should actively develop public transport.
同时它本身也要尽可能的做到清洁 At the same time, it should also be as clean as possible.
所以这是上海的大电容的公交车到了到站充电的 So this is a big capacitor bus in Shanghai to the station to charge.
那么基本上是没有尾气排放的这样一种做法 So basically, there is no such an approach to emissions.
另外还要注意公共交通不完全是政府投资来做 In addition, it should be noted that public transport is not entirely government investment.
我们还可以尽量的拓展一些准公交 We can also try to expand some quasi-bus.
就是由企业参与运营的多种形式的公共交通服务 Is a variety of forms of public transport services operated by enterprises.
这样的话也可以起到很好的替代小汽车的作用 In this way, it can also be a good substitute for cars.
比如说我们有出租车 For example, we have a taxi.
有现在有网约车 Yes, there is a taxi available now.
是吧 Right
最近在谈 Talk about it recently
还有小区的共享和拼车 And sharing and carpooling in the neighborhood
这个项目是巴黎的电动汽车的租赁 The project is a rental of electric cars in Paris.
像上海有很多电公共自行车 Like Shanghai, there are many electric public bicycles.
他就是公共自行车的升级版 He is the upgraded version of the public bike.
电动的小汽车 Electric car
那么大家可以看到这些车辆都是体型比较小 Then you can see that these vehicles are smaller.
那么都是自助的 So it's all self-help
你只要有驾照 All you need is a driver's license
你就照自助的充电桩上面去建 You can build it on the self-service charging pile.
然后就在城里面使用 And then use it in the city
那么第二个方面 So the second aspect
我们刚才讲到了要对小汽车进行必要的管制 We have just talked about the necessary control over cars.
那么管制有两种 So there are two kinds of controls
一种是限制购买 One is to limit purchases.
这边表格上列出了 This table is listed here
现在目前我们国家六个小汽车限购的城市 At present, there are six cities in our country where cars are restricted.
上海是最早的 Shanghai is the earliest.
94年就有了 In '94
那么第三位可能大家不太知道贵阳 Then the third person may not know much about Guiyang.
那么贵阳的小汽车限购跟其他城市有点不太一样 So Guiyang's car sales are limited to other cities is a little different.
它只是针对中心城区这个区域 It's just for the downtown area.
它需要特殊的号牌的小汽车才能进去 It needs a special number car to get in.
那么对特殊号牌的小汽车进行摇号 Then a special number car is to be wagged
其他城市都是在整个中心城区的范围进行的 The rest of the city is located throughout the city center.
限购 Restricted purchase
那么还有另外一种限制使用 Then there's another limitation
就是我不限制你买 That is, I do not limit you to buy.
你买的时候你这个也不用交很高的牌照的费 When you buy it, you do not have to pay a high licence fee.
但是使用的时候要受限制 But use is limited.
那么尾号限行有好几种 So there are several kinds of tail limit lines
有一种叫单双号 There is one called single and double number.
限行那么单双号限行有一个问题 There is a problem with the limit line.
如果你长期的使用单双号 If you use single and double numbers for a long time
限行最后很多家庭他会什么 What would he do at the end of the line for many families?
他去买第二辆车 He went to buy a second car.
所以单双号限行他最大的问题就是他效果只适合于两个星期一个月 So his biggest problem is that he only works for two weeks and a month.
这种时候效果很明显 At this point, the effect is obvious.
一半的车不能开 Half the car can't drive.
但是长时间一定不能用 But it must not be used for a long time.
结果反而增加了小汽车 Instead, they added cars.
所以北京他长时间的尾号限行 So Beijing, he has a long time to limit the number of travel.
他就用了这样的一个系统 He used such a system.
非常复杂 Very complicated
他每一天他有两个尾号限行 He has two closing numbers every day
然后过了3到4个月还要轮换一下 And then after three to four months, there will be a rotation.
那么通过这样一种机制 So through such a mechanism
他就规避了刚才那种说是你为了每天开车在北京这种情况 He just avoided the kind of saying that you drive in Beijing every day.
你要每天开车的话 If you have to drive every day
你得买五辆车 You have to buy five cars.
才有可能是吧 Is it possible?
那么限制使用还有一种方式就是道路拥堵费 Then there is another way to limit the use of road congestion charges.
伦敦这个例子大家是比较熟悉的 London is a familiar example.
是吧 Right
可能也经常听说 Probably heard a lot
那么基本上道路拥堵它是针对城市中心的一个范围里面的所有的道路 So basically the road is congested and it is targeted at the city center within a range of all the roads.
你只要进这个地方 You just have to get into this place
它有个边界 It has a boundary
进出边界的时候收费 Charge when entering or leaving the border
那么这种收费它因为路口很多 So this kind of charge it's a lot of intersections
所以通常是采用自动的牌号识别技术 So it is usually automatic brand recognition technology.
我想现在已经不稀奇了 I think it's no surprise now.
我们进同济都是牌号识别是吧 We all got into Tongji, right?
那么我这里想讲的是新加坡的例子 So what I want to talk about here is the example of Singapore.
新加坡它除了有一个牌照识别技术以外 Singapore, in addition to having a license plate recognition technology.
它还有一项相对于伦敦来讲 There's another thing about it relative to London
比较先进的 More advanced
它是自动收费 It's an automatic charge
它就在车上 It's in the car
像出租车一样 Like a taxi
它有一个读卡器 It has a card reader
这个读卡器可以跟收费门来对话 This card reader can talk to the toll gate.
然后在读卡器上面你差一张预付卡 Then you need a prepaid card on the card reader
有点像我们的叫什么11ctetc自动收费系统 It's kind of like what we call the 11ctc automatic toll system
那么你过这个门的时候他就自己扣掉 So when you go through the door, he will button it himself.
所以它完全的是一个自动的一个过程 So it's completely an automatic process.
而且这样的话它可以实行动态的调价 And in this way, it can implement dynamic price adjustment.
就是进这个门 That's the door
不同的车辆不同时段 Different vehicles, different periods of time
它的价格可以动态的变化 Its price can change dynamically.
因为你不动态的变化 Because you are not dynamic change.
就会出现我们经常发现的高速公路节日免费的时候 There will be times when we often find highway festivals free.
很多车他零点的时候等在那里 A lot of cars he waited there at zero
等它免费的时候 When it's free
哗一下就冲过去 Crash and rush over
那么有的时候它调价也会造成效果 Then sometimes it will also have an effect.
在早期的时候 In the early days
新加坡也曾经出现过这个问题 Singapore has also had this problem.
他在高峰非高峰之间 He is between the peak and the peak.
它收费有一个还是蛮大的差额的 There's a big difference in its charge
所以有些人他就等到时间再冲进去 So some people, he waited until the time to rush in.
那么动态调整就可以变规避这样的一个状况 Then dynamic adjustment can be changed to avoid such a situation.
除了道路收费 In addition to road charges
还有一种线型 There is also a kind of linear form.
我们可以看到在欧洲城市非常普及的交通安宁话 We can see very popular traffic peace words in European cities.
这个是巴黎内层 This is the interior of Paris.
所有黄色的区域都是限速行驶的区域 All the yellow areas are speed-limited areas.
好 Well
黄色我们可以说深黄颜色 We can say dark yellow.
它是限速30公里 It's a speed limit of 30 kilometers
浅黄颜色这个就完全不能通行 The light yellow color is completely impassable
不行 No
区红色的这个是20公里 The red one is twenty kilometers.
限速相对严格 Relative strictness of speed limit
那么现在有37%的城市道路都要线索 So now 37% of the city's roads need clues.
然后我们可以看到它限速以后有什么好处呢 Then we can see what good it will do after the speed limit?
限速以后首先它车道宽度可以压缩 After the speed limit, first it can compress the width of the lane.
因为我们知道小汽车速度越快 Because we know the faster the car is.
它安全距离越大 The greater its safe distance
那么速度慢了以后 After that slow down
它就可以压缩空间可以做的用场 It will be able to compress space for what can be done.
要么给不行 Either give it or not
要么给停车 Either stop the car
同时在这样一个县市区里面 At the same time, in such a county and urban areas.
你就会发现他人不行 You'll find that others can't.
跟车的通行权是一样的 The right of way is the same as that of a car.
同等权利不是说人一定要让小汽车 Equal rights do not mean that people must let cars.
比如说在交叉口这个位置好 For example, at the intersection this position is good.
以前我们知道在中国的做法是人要从人行道上下来 We used to know in China that people had to get off the sidewalk.
下到小汽车的空间 Go down to the space of the car
然后再回到你的人行道上 Then go back to your sidewalk
好 Well
某种意义上讲明显告诉你车是优先的 In a sense, it's obvious that the car is a priority.
因为车一直是在他的空间里 Because the car has always been in his space.
那么这个做法他就反过来 Then he will do the opposite.
他把人行这个地方人行道抬高 He elevated the pavement of the place.
跟人行道是平的 It's flat on the sidewalk.
反而是这个车它要上到人的空间 Instead, it's the car. It's going to get into people's space.
再回到车的空间 Back to the car space
那么这样的话 So in that case
因为有这样一个起伏 Because there is such a fluctuation.
车必然要减速 The car must slow down.
我们可以看到在上海好多地方 We can see many places in Shanghai.
为了车让人这个做法 This is for the car.
我们想了很多办法 We thought a lot of ways
其实在有些路段如果能用这个办法 In fact, in some sections of the road, if we can use this method.
效果是非常好 The effect is very good.
因为它这个车不可能加速转过去的 Because it is impossible for the car to speed up the transfer.
好 Well
第三个方面我们讲到的是要扶持非机动交通 The third aspect we are talking about is to support non-motor transport.
那么非机动交通步行自行车 Then non-motorized walking bike
我们可以看到最近一段时间很多北美的城市反而不是欧洲的城市 We can see that recently, many cities in north America are not European cities.
纽约洛杉矶是吧 Los Angeles, New York, right?
等等 Wait
他们都开始重视街道的设计 They all began to attach importance to the design of the street.
这个是纽约的情况 This is the case in New York.
好 Well
把这个街道重新更新 Renew the street
让他有停留的空间来鼓励人 Give him room to stay and encourage.
不行 No
那么我再举一个例子 So let me give you another example
比如说经常我们可以看到有人行横道是吧 For example, we often see crosswalks, don't we?
人行横道现在通常的情况是人要下到车的空间 It is now common for people to get down to the space of the car.
再回到人的空间 Back to human space
那么这个做法像我刚才讲的交叉口的情况 So this is like the intersection situation I just talked about
就把人行横道抬高 Raise the crosswalk
它是无障碍的 It's accessible
这样的话车他要进人的空间 In that case, he wants to enter the space.
再回到车的空间无形当中 Back in the car's invisible space
这是一行人优先的一个设计师 This is a pedestrian priority for a designer.
除了人以外 In addition to people
非机动交通里面还有自行车 There are also bicycles in non-motor traffic.
自行车我们知道现在各个城市都有公共自行车 Bicycles we know that there are public bicycles in every city now.
那么很多国家现在公共自行车都是智能化的 So many countries now public bikes are intelligent.
而且是用太阳能来管理这个系统 And it uses solar energy to manage the system.
上海还没有做到 Shanghai hasn't done it yet.
另外还有一些城市像伦敦 There are other cities like London.
它就计划要做这样的一个叫自行车高速公路 It's planning to do something like this, a bike highway.
因为我们知道自行车的缺点是什么 Because we know what the shortcomings of the bicycle are.
它的速度慢 It's slow
是吧 Right
跟小汽车没有办法去竞争 There is no way to compete with a car.
而且不安全 And unsafe
所以他就想到做一个高价 So he thought of making a high price.
它的高价跟我们的高架看起来一样 It looks the same as our elevated line.
但是用的人不一样 But the people who use it are different.
它的高架全部是自行车 Its viaducts are all bicycles.
那么你在这上面就可以起得很快 Then you can get up quickly on it.
快了以后又安全 Soon it will be safe again
因为它是封闭的自行车道专用的自行车道 Because it is a closed bike lane.
自行车高速公路 Bicycle highway
那么现在除了伦敦有好多好几个欧洲城市都在设想做这样的一个计划 Now there are many European cities besides London that are thinking of doing such a plan.
好 Well
前面讲到了我们的交通方式越来越多 As mentioned earlier, we have more and more ways of transportation.
而且经常我今天想用这个明天想的那个是吧 And often I want to use this today and the one I want to think about tomorrow, right?
那么为了鼓励大家 So to encourage you
尽量少用自营小用小汽车 Use a small car as little as possible
还有一个很重要的因素 There is another important factor.
就是你要使各个交通之间的换乘 Is that you have to transfer between traffic
整合衔接很方便 Integration and cohesion are very convenient.
比如说在国外我们经常可以看到这样的一个情况 For example, in foreign countries, we can often see such a situation.
很多人骑车上班 Many people go to work by bike.
但是工作地方太远 But the work place is too far.
他要完全骑他骑不动 He is going to ride him completely.
那么这个时候他就可以把车放在公共公交车上 Then he can put the car on the bus at this time.
可以搭一个甚至于放到地铁上面和火车上 You can take one and even put it on the subway and on the train.
这样的话他可以选择 In that case, he can choose.
比如说我骑多长的时间 For example, how long do I ride?
那么天气不好的时候 Then when the weather is bad
可能我就坐公共交通 Maybe I'll take public transportation.
那么不同的交通方式之间要衔接 Then there is a connection between the different modes of transportation.
除了有这样的一个技术问题以外 In addition to having such a technical problem
还有信息票务要整合 There is also information ticketing to integrate.
我们现在上海有公交一卡通 We now have a bus card in Shanghai.
这个就蛮好 This is fine
对吧 Right
你出了地铁你要换公交 When you get out of the subway, you have to change buses.
I刷一下就可以了 I just need a brush.
不需要重新买票是吧 You don't need to buy a new ticket, do you?
这个就很方便 This is very convenient.
那么这个是欧洲的一个交通枢纽 So this is a transport hub in Europe
它在交通枢纽里面 It's in the traffic hub
它把不同交通方式的时间表全部集合在这个屏幕上 It gathers all the schedules for different modes of transportation on this screen.
好 Well
那么到了这个地方换乘的人 Then the people who transfer to this place
他只要到大屏幕上一看 He just had to look on the big screen.
他就知道比如说他要坐公交的话 He knows, for example, if he wants to take a bus.
它从地铁换公交 It changes buses from the subway
然后公交再换什么 Then what does the bus change?
它在这里面时间就伊朗 It's in here, time on Iran.
如果说他觉得要等的时间还比较长 If he thinks it's going to be a long time.
它就可以在这旁边商店里面可以休息一下 It can take a rest in the shop next to here.
那么信息的衔接也很重要 So, the connection of information is also very important.
这张图是一个空间衔接的一个例子 This graph is an example of spatial cohesion.
第有轨电车站就是我们刚才看到的巴黎的有轨电车站 The first rail station is the rail station in Paris which we have just seen.
我们可以看到它整个战就是无障碍 We can see it, the whole battle is without obstacles.
设计轮椅的这个人 The man who designed the wheelchair
我跟着他的 I followed him
他一路上都是自己出来的 He came out by himself all the way.
没有人帮他 No one helped him.
他一点问题都没有 He has no problem at all.
他很熟练 He is very skillful.
那么这个地方有轨电车出来以后 So this place after the tram comes out
这个地方就是地铁 This is the subway
巴黎的地铁就下去 The subway in Paris goes down
所以离得非常近 So very close
就两步路走过去就可以了 It's only two steps away.
这边我们看到有个公交巴士在这里 Here we see a bus here.
也就在这个地方 It's right here
你可以看到我过一条马路可以坐地铁 You can see me cross a road and take the subway.
可以坐公交 You can take the bus.
它整个换乘非常的流畅 It's a very smooth transfer
衔接得非常好 The connection is very good
而且指示性非常不像 And the indication is very different
我们有的时候出来以后找公交 Sometimes when we come out, we find a bus.
找半天 Look for a long time
不知道公交车站在哪 I don't know where the bus stop is.
最后更加宏观的一个策略 Finally, a more macro strategy.
就是我们要有新的空间规划的理念 That is, we should have a new concept of space planning.
我们说了我们要有公交优先来发展 We said we have to have a bus priority to develop.
那么我们首先这个城市的组织和布局 Well, first of all, the organization and layout of the city.
应该是为公交的使用者来服务的 It should be for bus users.
我们现在很多时候在做城市规划的时候 We are now doing a lot of city planning time.
其实它是为小汽车在规划 Actually it's planning for the car
很多商业中心都是小汽车 Many business centers are cars.
最方便不是乘公交的人去搞 It is most convenient for people not to take the bus to do it.
比如说芦胶厂 For example, lujiao factory
五角场 Racetrack
大家知道两个地铁站都不在商业中心那里 As you know, neither subway station is in the commercial center.
对吧 Right
那么你要总是两个站出来 Then you have to always stand out
都是要走一段路才能到所谓的中心 It takes a long way to get to the so-called center.
这明显的一个例子就是它五角场的中心 An obvious example is the center of its Scotland yard.
它不是为公交使用者最方便考虑的 It is not the most convenient for bus users.
那么TOD是我们现在经常听到的一个词 So tod is a word we often hear now
它的核心概念就是说我整个城市的组织 Its core concept is the organization of my entire city.
围绕公共交通来的 Around public transportation
在小汽车和公交使用者两者之间 Between cars and bus users
你如果用公交只有更方便 It's only more convenient if you use the bus.
我的商业中心围绕你地铁站来做 My business center is around your subway station
我的就业岗位也围绕你的基公交线路 My job is also around your base bus line.
我整个城市沿着公交系来发展 My whole city is developing along the Jurassic line.
那么在这样一种大的规划布局下面 So under such a big planning layout
能够鼓励你使用公交的话 To encourage you to use the bus
效果就会更好 The effect will be better.
另外一个公交里的城市空间规划的理念叫短距离城市 Another idea of urban space planning in public transportation is called short distance city.
我们知道小汽车的优势在哪里 We know what the advantage of a car is.
速度快是吧 Fast, right?
然后舒适 Then comfort
因为刚才也有同学说了 Because just now some students have said.
不行很好 No very good
但是他走不远 But he can't go far.
对吧 Right
好 Well
那么如果是这样 So if so
我们为什么不做短距离城市 Why don't we do a short distance city?
我们的城市就把它做成 Our city will make it
它不需要长距离出行 It doesn't take a long trip
好 Well
这样是不是就可以可持续发展 Can this be sustainable development?
的确是这样 That's true
那么这个就是在欧盟一个绿皮书上面提出来的一个概念 So this is a concept put forward in a green paper of the European union.
我们以前的城市经常会是一圈一圈的往外扩张 Our former cities often expand out in circles.
有点像北京 It's a bit like Beijing.
那么扩张以后 So after the expansion
很多人还是要到城市中心区来就业 Many people still have to go to the city center to find jobs.
到城市中心区来购物 Go shopping in the city center
因为很多服务和资源集中在这里 Because a lot of services and resources are concentrated here.
这样就必然造成了很多长距离的出行 This will inevitably result in a lot of long-distance travel.
如果说我们能够把中心区的这些职能能够适当的分散出去 If we can say that the central district of these functions can be properly scattered out.
那么至少有一部分的人或者有相当一部分 Then at least a part of the person or a considerable part.
它就不需要长距离出行 It doesn't take a long trip
它就可以就近去服务 It can be served nearby.
那么这个概念简单来讲 So the concept is simple
我们还可以用五角场来做例子 We can also use Scotland yard as an example.
最早的时候我读书的时候没有五角场的 In the earliest days, when I was a student, there was no racetrack.
那个时候要买一点东西都得去南京 At that time, if you want to buy something, you have to go to Nanjing.
那么上海市在2000年的总归的时候就提出来 So when Shanghai returned in 2000, it was put forward.
他要建四个副中心 He wants to build four sub-centers.
就是要用四个副中心来消减减轻城市中心区的压力 It is necessary to use four sub-centres to reduce the pressure on the city center.
所以就选了徐家汇 So I chose Xu Jiahui
是吧 Right
五角场蒸炉 Field steamer
还有一个花木作为副中心 There is also a flower and wood as a secondary center.
那么事实证明 So it turns out
现在五角场副中心确实对我们生活在杨浦的这个同学来讲是很方便 It is really convenient for the students who live in Yangpu.
因为你看到你像去南京路也是那些连锁的店 Because you see you like to go to Nanjing road, which is also the chain store.
东西都一样 Everything is the same
你肯定就去五角场 You must go to the racetrack
那么去五角场的距离跟你去南南京路的距离一比 So the distance to the racetrack is one to the distance from you to nannanjing road.
你就发现这是个短距离的 You'll find it's a short distance.
如果那天天气好 If the weather were fine that day
可能你就骑车去了 Maybe you went by bike.
这个我想是从根本上来解决 This, I think, is a fundamental solution.
交通需求的一个最彻底的一个解决方案 One of the most thorough solutions to traffic demand
那么在这样一个环境下面 So under such an environment
如果出行距离都很短 If the distance is short
小汽车就变成是可选 A car becomes an option.
而不是必要的一种出行工具 Rather than a necessary travel tool
最后再我们现在这是一个比较新的一个概念 Finally, we are now a relatively new concept.
健康城市 Healthy city
我们知道现在在可持续里面 We know it's in sustainability now.
如果我们落到人身上 If we fall on people
落到我们自己身上 Fall on ourselves
我们的可持续就是什么 What is our sustainability?
就是健康 Is health
那么健康它的内涵就很多了 Then health, it's a lot of content.
内涵就很多 There is a lot of content.
那么我们在交通出行的时候也要有健康的需求 Then we have to have a healthy demand when we travel in traffic.
特别对大气环境质量有健康的需求 In particular, there is a healthy demand for the quality of the atmospheric environment.
我们是不是可以利用这个出行变成是健康的一部分 Can we take advantage of this trip to become a healthy part?
这个也是很多规划师在考虑 This is something that many planners are considering
原来我在法国企业工作过一段时间 I used to work in a French company for a while.
我们部门的高管他很忙 He is very busy at the top of our department.
他没有时间锻炼 He has no time to exercise.
所以他每天他在上海 So he is in Shanghai every day.
他每天骑自行车去上班 He goes to work by bike every day.
他觉得这个过程通情的 He found the process sympathetic.
就是很好的锻炼身体的一个机会 It's a good chance to exercise.
那么最近好多朋友特别有一些在国外 So recently, a lot of friends are especially in foreign countries.
他们的工作的现在也都采取了步行骑车这样的一种交通方式 Their work is now also taken by walking, cycling, such a way of transportation.
作为又是交通出行 As a traffic trip again
又是锻炼身体 Exercise again
那么这样的话我们如果把健康的还在考虑进去的话 In that case, if we take the health into account.
我们可以想象以后的城市交通它的内涵 We can imagine the meaning of urban transportation in the future.
它的前景还是非常有意义 Its prospects are still very meaningful.
对吧 Right
好 Well
我们今天大概的一个内容就讲到这里 That's about one of the things we're going to talk about today.