Well
I think I'll use some examples later.
A lot of pictures for you to do a more intuitive one.
First of all, if the bus priority.
Besides, we have to build a lot of public transport facilities.
The most fundamental thing is to let a lot of people use.
So many people want to have sex with you first
The biggest enemy of public transport is cars.
Because when there's no car
Public transportation is the most convenient.
Because the car came out
That's why we started to give up public transport.
So if public transportation can be as comfortable as a car
So convenient
It's competitive
So there are some drivers
He found parking very troublesome.
Find the road very complicated
It might give up
We can see some cities abroad.
Now what is the public transport doing very much?
Fashion
It's like a work of art
Then you can also see that the environment is very comfortable.
Very smooth
Because this is a low platform tram
Very smooth
The view is also very good.
Then this speed may not be as fast as the subway.
But if the weather is fine
You will find a lot of people who don't want to take the subway.
Because it's dark in the subway isn't it
It's all in the tunnel
So it's nice to sit in this car and see the scenery on both sides.
So I hope that through such a public transport image.
Let people think I'm on public transport it's very fashionable
A green ecological way of life.
At the same time, it is very comfortable.
Naturally, it is competitive and attractive.
This is the Paris tram.
We can see that his environment is very thoughtful.
And you're comfortable when you see the environment.
You would like to wait here.
You also think that the way you use traffic is no less than a car.
Choose from your heart
And we can see
He was a good car in two days, but it was compressed after he had squeezed it.
So you can see such a very clear public transport and cars.
It is such a way of dealing with equal rights.
So especially in some historic blocks
In the traditional neighborhood
Traditional neighborhoods are awkward
Because the car is going in
It soon ruined the scene
If the car doesn't go in
He is inconvenient for the traffic in this small block.
Soon the young people were reluctant to stay.
So there are many historical centers in European cities.
It started to build trams
Introduction by public transport
And he would hire a famous architect
This is a famous architect.
Foster station in England
He combines public transport
It makes a very good design of the whole space.
In this way, he will feel that public transport with quality and quality, it is together.
Of course
Giving priority to the development of public transport
Increase competitive power
Be careful
Is to do the necessary cost control.
The examples we have just given
The example of France
In fact, the cost of each project is strictly controlled.
It won't increase the price of your trip
We should avoid making the bus very comfortable on the one hand.
But the bus price is very high.
That's no good either.
There is an example above.
Let me say a few words here.
It is Kunming
Kunming, we know it is spring city, right?
We all say that the seasons are like spring.
So public transportation doesn't need air conditioning
So there was a time when the bus company in Kunming launched an air-conditioned car.
Say more comfortably
You also have air conditioning in summer, but it's not hot.
But when the air conditioner comes out
The fare is twice as expensive as the original one.
The original one becomes very much.
As a result, there was a lot of public opinion.
He said you were ostensibly improving the comfort of the bus.
It's actually making our money
So this thing is still being sorted out.
The practice of Kunming public transportation
The views of the public are very strong.
The same is true of Shanghai.
Including the green trains we talked about earlier
Right
After squeezing our high-speed rail
There are no green trains now.
What does that mean?
In fact, the high-speed rail is comfortable.
But in a sense
It increases the cost of our trip
Attention should also be paid to the development of urban public transport.
In addition, pay attention to its fairness.
And its cleansing
We can see that Shanghai is doing some common sense.
We should actively develop public transport.
At the same time, it should also be as clean as possible.
So this is a big capacitor bus in Shanghai to the station to charge.
So basically, there is no such an approach to emissions.
In addition, it should be noted that public transport is not entirely government investment.
We can also try to expand some quasi-bus.
Is a variety of forms of public transport services operated by enterprises.
In this way, it can also be a good substitute for cars.
For example, we have a taxi.
Yes, there is a taxi available now.
Right
Talk about it recently
And sharing and carpooling in the neighborhood
The project is a rental of electric cars in Paris.
Like Shanghai, there are many electric public bicycles.
He is the upgraded version of the public bike.
Electric car
Then you can see that these vehicles are smaller.
So it's all self-help
All you need is a driver's license
You can build it on the self-service charging pile.
And then use it in the city
So the second aspect
We have just talked about the necessary control over cars.
So there are two kinds of controls
One is to limit purchases.
This table is listed here
At present, there are six cities in our country where cars are restricted.
Shanghai is the earliest.
In '94
Then the third person may not know much about Guiyang.
So Guiyang's car sales are limited to other cities is a little different.
It's just for the downtown area.
It needs a special number car to get in.
Then a special number car is to be wagged
The rest of the city is located throughout the city center.
Restricted purchase
Then there's another limitation
That is, I do not limit you to buy.
When you buy it, you do not have to pay a high licence fee.
But use is limited.
So there are several kinds of tail limit lines
There is one called single and double number.
There is a problem with the limit line.
If you use single and double numbers for a long time
What would he do at the end of the line for many families?
He went to buy a second car.
So his biggest problem is that he only works for two weeks and a month.
At this point, the effect is obvious.
Half the car can't drive.
But it must not be used for a long time.
Instead, they added cars.
So Beijing, he has a long time to limit the number of travel.
He used such a system.
Very complicated
He has two closing numbers every day
And then after three to four months, there will be a rotation.
So through such a mechanism
He just avoided the kind of saying that you drive in Beijing every day.
If you have to drive every day
You have to buy five cars.
Is it possible?
Then there is another way to limit the use of road congestion charges.
London is a familiar example.
Right
Probably heard a lot
So basically the road is congested and it is targeted at the city center within a range of all the roads.
You just have to get into this place
It has a boundary
Charge when entering or leaving the border
So this kind of charge it's a lot of intersections
So it is usually automatic brand recognition technology.
I think it's no surprise now.
We all got into Tongji, right?
So what I want to talk about here is the example of Singapore.
Singapore, in addition to having a license plate recognition technology.
There's another thing about it relative to London
More advanced
It's an automatic charge
It's in the car
Like a taxi
It has a card reader
This card reader can talk to the toll gate.
Then you need a prepaid card on the card reader
It's kind of like what we call the 11ctc automatic toll system
So when you go through the door, he will button it himself.
So it's completely an automatic process.
And in this way, it can implement dynamic price adjustment.
That's the door
Different vehicles, different periods of time
Its price can change dynamically.
Because you are not dynamic change.
There will be times when we often find highway festivals free.
A lot of cars he waited there at zero
When it's free
Crash and rush over
Then sometimes it will also have an effect.
In the early days
Singapore has also had this problem.
He is between the peak and the peak.
There's a big difference in its charge
So some people, he waited until the time to rush in.
Then dynamic adjustment can be changed to avoid such a situation.
In addition to road charges
There is also a kind of linear form.
We can see very popular traffic peace words in European cities.
This is the interior of Paris.
All the yellow areas are speed-limited areas.
Well
We can say dark yellow.
It's a speed limit of 30 kilometers
The light yellow color is completely impassable
No
The red one is twenty kilometers.
Relative strictness of speed limit
So now 37% of the city's roads need clues.
Then we can see what good it will do after the speed limit?
After the speed limit, first it can compress the width of the lane.
Because we know the faster the car is.
The greater its safe distance
After that slow down
It will be able to compress space for what can be done.
Either give it or not
Either stop the car
At the same time, in such a county and urban areas.
You'll find that others can't.
The right of way is the same as that of a car.
Equal rights do not mean that people must let cars.
For example, at the intersection this position is good.
We used to know in China that people had to get off the sidewalk.
Go down to the space of the car
Then go back to your sidewalk
Well
In a sense, it's obvious that the car is a priority.
Because the car has always been in his space.
Then he will do the opposite.
He elevated the pavement of the place.
It's flat on the sidewalk.
Instead, it's the car. It's going to get into people's space.
Back to the car space
So in that case
Because there is such a fluctuation.
The car must slow down.
We can see many places in Shanghai.
This is for the car.
We thought a lot of ways
In fact, in some sections of the road, if we can use this method.
The effect is very good.
Because it is impossible for the car to speed up the transfer.
Well
The third aspect we are talking about is to support non-motor transport.
Then non-motorized walking bike
We can see that recently, many cities in north America are not European cities.
Los Angeles, New York, right?
Wait
They all began to attach importance to the design of the street.
This is the case in New York.
Well
Renew the street
Give him room to stay and encourage.
No
So let me give you another example
For example, we often see crosswalks, don't we?
It is now common for people to get down to the space of the car.
Back to human space
So this is like the intersection situation I just talked about
Raise the crosswalk
It's accessible
In that case, he wants to enter the space.
Back in the car's invisible space
This is a pedestrian priority for a designer.
In addition to people
There are also bicycles in non-motor traffic.
Bicycles we know that there are public bicycles in every city now.
So many countries now public bikes are intelligent.
And it uses solar energy to manage the system.
Shanghai hasn't done it yet.
There are other cities like London.
It's planning to do something like this, a bike highway.
Because we know what the shortcomings of the bicycle are.
It's slow
Right
There is no way to compete with a car.
And unsafe
So he thought of making a high price.
It looks the same as our elevated line.
But the people who use it are different.
Its viaducts are all bicycles.
Then you can get up quickly on it.
Soon it will be safe again
Because it is a closed bike lane.
Bicycle highway
Now there are many European cities besides London that are thinking of doing such a plan.
Well
As mentioned earlier, we have more and more ways of transportation.
And often I want to use this today and the one I want to think about tomorrow, right?
So to encourage you
Use a small car as little as possible
There is another important factor.
Is that you have to transfer between traffic
Integration and cohesion are very convenient.
For example, in foreign countries, we can often see such a situation.
Many people go to work by bike.
But the work place is too far.
He is going to ride him completely.
Then he can put the car on the bus at this time.
You can take one and even put it on the subway and on the train.
In that case, he can choose.
For example, how long do I ride?
Then when the weather is bad
Maybe I'll take public transportation.
Then there is a connection between the different modes of transportation.
In addition to having such a technical problem
There is also information ticketing to integrate.
We now have a bus card in Shanghai.
This is fine
Right
When you get out of the subway, you have to change buses.
I just need a brush.
You don't need to buy a new ticket, do you?
This is very convenient.
So this is a transport hub in Europe
It's in the traffic hub
It gathers all the schedules for different modes of transportation on this screen.
Well
Then the people who transfer to this place
He just had to look on the big screen.
He knows, for example, if he wants to take a bus.
It changes buses from the subway
Then what does the bus change?
It's in here, time on Iran.
If he thinks it's going to be a long time.
It can take a rest in the shop next to here.
So, the connection of information is also very important.
This graph is an example of spatial cohesion.
The first rail station is the rail station in Paris which we have just seen.
We can see it, the whole battle is without obstacles.
The man who designed the wheelchair
I followed him
He came out by himself all the way.
No one helped him.
He has no problem at all.
He is very skillful.
So this place after the tram comes out
This is the subway
The subway in Paris goes down
So very close
It's only two steps away.
Here we see a bus here.
It's right here
You can see me cross a road and take the subway.
You can take the bus.
It's a very smooth transfer
The connection is very good
And the indication is very different
Sometimes when we come out, we find a bus.
Look for a long time
I don't know where the bus stop is.
Finally, a more macro strategy.
That is, we should have a new concept of space planning.
We said we have to have a bus priority to develop.
Well, first of all, the organization and layout of the city.
It should be for bus users.
We are now doing a lot of city planning time.
Actually it's planning for the car
Many business centers are cars.
It is most convenient for people not to take the bus to do it.
For example, lujiao factory
Racetrack
As you know, neither subway station is in the commercial center.
Right
Then you have to always stand out
It takes a long way to get to the so-called center.
An obvious example is the center of its Scotland yard.
It is not the most convenient for bus users.
So tod is a word we often hear now
Its core concept is the organization of my entire city.
Around public transportation
Between cars and bus users
It's only more convenient if you use the bus.
My business center is around your subway station
My job is also around your base bus line.
My whole city is developing along the Jurassic line.
So under such a big planning layout
To encourage you to use the bus
The effect will be better.
Another idea of urban space planning in public transportation is called short distance city.
We know what the advantage of a car is.
Fast, right?
Then comfort
Because just now some students have said.
No very good
But he can't go far.
Right
Well
So if so
Why don't we do a short distance city?
Our city will make it
It doesn't take a long trip
Well
Can this be sustainable development?
That's true
So this is a concept put forward in a green paper of the European union.
Our former cities often expand out in circles.
It's a bit like Beijing.
So after the expansion
Many people still have to go to the city center to find jobs.
Go shopping in the city center
Because a lot of services and resources are concentrated here.
This will inevitably result in a lot of long-distance travel.
If we can say that the central district of these functions can be properly scattered out.
Then at least a part of the person or a considerable part.
It doesn't take a long trip
It can be served nearby.
So the concept is simple
We can also use Scotland yard as an example.
In the earliest days, when I was a student, there was no racetrack.
At that time, if you want to buy something, you have to go to Nanjing.
So when Shanghai returned in 2000, it was put forward.
He wants to build four sub-centers.
It is necessary to use four sub-centres to reduce the pressure on the city center.
So I chose Xu Jiahui
Right
Field steamer
There is also a flower and wood as a secondary center.
So it turns out
It is really convenient for the students who live in Yangpu.
Because you see you like to go to Nanjing road, which is also the chain store.
Everything is the same
You must go to the racetrack
So the distance to the racetrack is one to the distance from you to nannanjing road.
You'll find it's a short distance.
If the weather were fine that day
Maybe you went by bike.
This, I think, is a fundamental solution.
One of the most thorough solutions to traffic demand
So under such an environment
If the distance is short
A car becomes an option.
Rather than a necessary travel tool
Finally, we are now a relatively new concept.
Healthy city
We know it's in sustainability now.
If we fall on people
Fall on ourselves
What is our sustainability?
Is health
Then health, it's a lot of content.
There is a lot of content.
Then we have to have a healthy demand when we travel in traffic.
In particular, there is a healthy demand for the quality of the atmospheric environment.
Can we take advantage of this trip to become a healthy part?
This is something that many planners are considering
I used to work in a French company for a while.
He is very busy at the top of our department.
He has no time to exercise.
So he is in Shanghai every day.
He goes to work by bike every day.
He found the process sympathetic.
It's a good chance to exercise.
So recently, a lot of friends are especially in foreign countries.
Their work is now also taken by walking, cycling, such a way of transportation.
As a traffic trip again
Exercise again
In that case, if we take the health into account.
We can imagine the meaning of urban transportation in the future.
Its prospects are still very meaningful.
Right
Well
That's about one of the things we're going to talk about today.