据规划 According to plan
那是在2006年的时候 That was in 2006
我们这个组就是资源环境组曾经拿刚才那个公式拿来算算我们中国的 Our group is the resources and environment group, which used the formula just now to calculate our China's.
情况 Situation
我们中国不是有小康社会的目标吗 Don't we have the goal of a well-off society in China?
到2020年要人均GDP要翻两番 By 2020, per capita GDP will have quadrupled.
然后我们也知道人口大概要增加多少 Then we also know how much the population is going to increase.
我们就把这些数字带进去 Let's take these numbers in
算出来中国到2020年释放了四张图 By 2020, China had released four maps.
我们不去详细看了 We're not going to look at it in detail.
最后的结论就是说生态效率 The final conclusion is ecological efficiency.
中国的生态效率 Ecological efficiency in China
如果我们要求资源消耗量减少50% If we ask for a reduction in resource consumption of 50%.
污染物排放量减少50% Emission of pollutants decreased by 50%.
那么我们生态效率至少要提高九倍 So we have to increase ecological efficiency by at least nine times.
当时这个结论出来 At that time, this conclusion came out.
我们觉得还是很震惊的 We are still shocked.
因为大家想提高九倍 Because we want to increase it nine times
还有西方人说要提高十倍 Others in the west say it will be ten times higher.
容易不容易 Easy not easy
但是后来我们找了一些资料 But then we found some information.
我们说明是可以做到 We say that it can be done
我来跟大家分享这个资料 Let me share this information with you.
我们找到了三个例子 We found three examples.
一个例子是联合国的资料 One example is United nations information.
这个是跟我们一起合作做工作 This is working with us.
非常熟悉的 Very familiar
他就总结了欧洲15个国家从1980年到2000年经济发展和 He summed up the 15 European countries from 1980 to 2000, economic development and.
资源消耗的变化的情况 Changes in resource consumption
大家看它的人均GDP20年里一直在不断增长 You see, its per capita GDP has been growing for 20 years.
增长了20年 Grow by 20 years
增长了56%点几 What is the increase of 56%?
可见那个时候经济状况很好 We can see that the economy was very good at that time.
但是大家看下面的三条线 But look at the following three lines
都在100%的上下徘徊 It's all up and down at 100%
一条线就是人口略微增长了一点 One line is that the population has increased slightly.
增长了6%左右 It has increased by 6%.
他们没搞计划生育 They don't have family planning.
但是他们自己社会对于生育就有这样的看法 But their own society has this view of fertility.
就生的不多 Not a lot
然后我们再看还有一条线 Then we look at another line.
这条线 This line
资源的消耗 Resource consumption
20年里头资源消耗只增加了3%不到 In 20 years, resource consumption increased by less than 3%.
那么在比人口增长了6%左右 Well, it's about 6% more than the population.
所以它的人均资源消耗是20年有所下降 Therefore, its per capita resource consumption is 20 years, a decline.
所以大家是不是会有这个问题 Therefore, will members have this problem?
为什么人均资源消耗有所下降 Why the per capita resource consumption has decreased?
结果人均GDP可以涨这么多 As a result, per capita GDP can rise so much.
原因就是在于他另外有一条线 The reason is that he has another line.
就是这张图上写的物质效率 That's the material efficiency of this picture.
实际上就是我们刚才讲的生态效率 In fact, it is the ecological efficiency that we have just talked about.
一直跟着GDP再涨 Keep up with GDP
这种趋势就是不是靠消耗资源 This trend is not based on the consumption of resources.
而是靠提高资源利用效率来发展经济的趋势 It is the tendency to develop the economy by improving the efficiency of resource utilization.
后来德国人欧洲人把它叫做减物质化 Later, the Germans and Europeans called it dematerialization.
然后现在有人在提到 And now someone is talking about
我们要尽量做到非物质化 We should try our best to be dematerialized.
大家看这个是不是一个好的方向 Let's see if this is a good direction.
中国如果也能这样学 If China can learn like this
我们资源短缺的问题就可以克服 Our shortage of resources can be overcome.
就不是一个瓶颈 It's not a bottleneck
然后我们再看也还是这位官员他提供的资料 Then we will look at the information provided by the official.
他比较了世界各国的人均GDP和人均资源消耗的变化的情况 He compared the world's per capita GDP and per capita resource consumption changes.
我们看一看先看一看超级大国美国 Let's take a look at the superpower, the United States.
美国在这我们可以看出来它的特点 We can see the characteristics of the United States here.
这个资料老一点 This data is a little older.
因为这位官员跟我差不多大 Because this official is about my age
他现在也退休了 He is also retired now.
已经拿不到新的资料了 I can't get any new information.
那么大家看它的特点是不是可以三句话来描述 Well, let's see if it can be described in three sentences.
美国第一人均GDP很高 The first per capita GDP in the United States is very high.
是不是当时1994年以前 Was it before 1994?
它已经到26000美元 It's already 26000 dollars
平均每个人每年 Average per person per year
第二个特点 The second characteristic
它人均资源消耗 Its per capita resource consumption
高高在上 High above
对不对 Right or wrong
它是一个很浪费的活校 It's a waste of living school.
我给大家举一个例子 Let me give you an example.
他房间里头的暖气跟空调 The heating and air conditioning in his room
它是一年四季都开的 It is open all year round.
不管你外面自然温度多少 No matter what the natural temperature is outside of you
而且有一些美籍华人他回中国来探亲了 And there are some Chinese Americans who have come back to China to visit their relatives.
或者说工作了 Or work
那边那个房子没人他还开着 There is no one in that house over there.
他们跟美国人学的 They learned it from Americans.
所以它美国的人均的资源消耗 So it's the per capita resource consumption in the United States.
包括人均能源特别的高 Including a particularly high per capita energy
但是第三个特点 But the third characteristic
这条线的斜率是往下降的 The slope of this line is going down.
是不是 Isn't it
说明什么 Explain what
说明它已经出现了减物质化的趋势 It shows that there has been a trend towards dematerialization.
是不是 Isn't it
然后看完美国 And then I read America
我们看德国三个特点 Three characteristics of Germany
第一个第二个跟美国相近 The first and the second are close to the United States.
但是第三个它跟美国比的话 But the third one is compared to the United States
他减物质化的趋势非常的快 His tendency to dematerialize is very fast.
德国就是搞循环经济最最早而且力度最大的一个国家 Germany is the earliest and most powerful country in recycling economy.
所以它大减物质化 So it greatly reduces materialization
看完这两个发达国家 After reading the two developed countries.
我们看看当时的中国 Let's look at China then.
1996年以前 Before 1996
中国在这第一GDP很低 China's GDP in the first place is very low.
第二物质消耗很少 The second substance is consumed very little.
说明我们很穷困 It means that we are very poor.
对不对 Right or wrong
衣食住行都不如人家 Food, clothing, housing and transportation are not as good as others.
但是第三个更可怕 But the third one is more terrible.
这条线冲天 The line is soaring
如果不改变发展模式 If we don't change the pattern of development
我们什么哪一年哪月才能人均GDP提高到美国和德国的水平 What year and month can we raise per capita GDP to the level of the United States and Germany?
这个时候我们要消耗多少资源 How much resources do we have to consume at this time?
哪里来 Where to come from?
这个去想的可怕 This is terrible to think about.
但是我们再看看还有榜样说这个榜样我有点纠结 But let's take a look at the role model.
但是不得不说 But I have to say
大家猜到了吧 Guess what?
我们看在这 We see here
你看日本 Look at Japan
人均GDP比美国德国还高 Per capita GDP is higher than that of the United States and Germany.
人均资源消耗跟我们中国箭头的最顶点相近 Per capita resource consumption is close to the apex of our Chinese arrow.
是不是 Isn't it
虽然他没有减物质化 Although he didn't dematerialize.
但是他增长的资源消耗很慢 But his growing resource consumption is slow.
对不对 Right or wrong
所以日本是为什么会这样 So why is Japan like this?
我觉得跟日本它有自觉 I think it's self-conscious with Japan
他知道自己国家国土面积很小 He knows that his country is very small.
人资源储藏量很小 Human resource capacity is very small.
所以他就一直很早就注意节约资源 So he has been very early attention to saving resources.
环境友好 Environmental friendly
他就很注意他回收废旧物品做的非常好 He noticed that he was doing a very good job of recycling old things.
所以这两个例子是不是告诉我们 So are these two examples telling us
如果我们能够学习德国的减物质化 If we could learn about dematerialization in Germany
如果我们能够学习日本的节约资源保护环境的话 If we can learn from Japan's conservation of resources to protect the environment.
我们完全中国完全是有前途的 We are completely China is completely promising.
我们再看看我们自己中国的一个例子 Let's take another example of our own China.
中国在1980年到200年中间 China between 1980 and 200
每年GDP增长9.7% Annual GDP growth of 9.7%.
但是能源消费量每年只增长4.6% But energy consumption is growing by only 4.6% a year.
说明什么 Explain what
说明我们是不是能源的效率在这20年里头翻了一番 Does it mean that our energy efficiency has doubled in the past 20 years?
对不对 Right or wrong
翻了两番 Quadrupled
或者就是说它就是我只要用较少的能源的增长 Or that is to say, it is the growth that I only need to use less energy.
就可以支撑两倍的GDP的增长 That would double GDP growth
遗憾的是2000年以后 Unfortunately after 2000
我们这个趋势没有保持 Our trend has not been maintained.
又是能源消耗的速率快了 The rate of energy consumption is fast again.
GDP的增长速率还跟不上能源消耗 GDP growth rate has not kept pace with energy consumption.
所以现在不是领导人开什么会 So now it's not the leaders' meeting.
都要讲节能节能减排但是这20年的经验我们不能忘记 We should all talk about energy saving, energy saving and emission reduction, but we should not forget the experience of these 20 years.
我们也可以做得到 We can do that
所以这三个例子告诉我们 So these three examples tell us
我们要提高生态效率 We should improve ecological efficiency.
发展经济的同时保护环境 Protect the environment while developing the economy
经济发展环境保护社会进步 Economic development, environmental protection and social progress
完全的协调起来 In perfect harmony
不仅仅是必须的 Not just necessary
而且也是可能的 And it's possible
好 Well
那么提高生态效率就是要靠技术进步 So to improve ecological efficiency is to rely on technological progress.
要靠控制消费需求 To control consumer demand
要靠资源的开采 Exploitation of resources
还要回收利用废物 And recycling waste
显物质化非物质化 Materialization dematerialization
然后我们现在有好多新名词 Then we have a lot of new nouns now
我们又讲生态经济 We also talk about ecological economy.
又讲循环经济 Talk about circular economy again
又讲资源节约 Talking about resource saving
环境友好型社会又讲低碳经济绿色经济 Environmental friendly society and green economy with low carbon economy
我所以列出来就是我要提醒大家本质都是相同的 I'm going to remind you that the essence is the same.
我们中国人喜欢谈心灵词儿 We Chinese like to talk about spiritual words.
我已经观察到很多地方新名词提出来了 I have observed many places where new nouns are put forward.
把老名词扔掉了 Throw away the old term
比如说有的城市早就搞循环经济的示范市的规划 For example, some cities have long been engaged in a circular economy model city planning.
结果等到生态文明提出来以后 The result will wait until the ecological civilization is put forward.
循环经济没人提了 No one has said anything about circular economy
我再到城市去开会 I will go to the city to have a meeting again.
都在讲生态文明 Are talking about ecological civilization
这个是很可惜的 This is a pity
然后我们十三五规划也讲到了 Then we talked about the 13th five-year plan.
这些问题我就不念了 I will not read these questions.
温总理也讲过 Premier Wen also said
现在不是我们GDP控制 This is not our GDP control
都是到七左右了 It's about seven
但是社会上的舆论 But public opinion in society
包括外国的舆论都在说中国的经济不行了 Foreign public opinion is saying that China's economy is not working.
因为以前都是十或者十以上 Because it used to be ten or more
结果温总理专门讲一段话 As a result, premier Wen made a special speech.
讲得非常好 Speak very well
他说我们从八降到7.5 He said we dropped from eight to 7.5.
主要就是要把中国的经济要变成是高质量的增长 The main thing is to turn China's economy into a high-quality growth.
而且是依靠科技进步的 And it depends on the progress of science and technology.
并不是去依靠资源消耗的这样子 Is not to rely on the consumption of resources like this.
也是不能够造成污染的 Nor can it cause pollution.
这一段话我觉得讲得非常好 I think this paragraph is very good.
然后十八大我们对于小康社会讲了 Then at the 18th national Congress, we talked about a well-off society.
而且对于生态文明建设又强调了 Moreover, the construction of ecological civilization has been emphasized.
我特别要给大家共享的就是第二段话 What I want to share with you in particular is the second paragraph.
第二段话当然不是讲的五大建设 Of course, the second paragraph is not about the five major construction projects.
叫经济建设政治建设文化建设社会建设与生态文明建设 Economic construction, political construction, cultural construction, social construction and ecological civilization construction
这句话 This sentence
生态文明建设是放在最后 The construction of ecological civilization is put at the end.
但是这句话完了之后 But after that,
马上跟着一句话说 Say as soon as possible
要把生态文明建设放在突出的位置 We should put the construction of ecological civilization in a prominent position.
要把它融入经济建设 We should integrate it into economic construction.
政治建设文化建设社会建设各方面和全过程 Political construction, culture construction, social construction, all aspects and the whole process
这个就说明了生态文明建设是一个更本质的东西 This shows that the construction of ecological civilization is a more essential thing.
而且我认为我们一定要跟前面的可持续发展连起来 And I think we must be linked to sustainable development.
生态文明建设我们从诞生的过程 Ecological civilization construction: the process of our birth
一边有一些人在研究经济发展模式 On one side, some people are studying the economic development model.
最后诞生出来可持续发展 Finally, sustainable development was born.
另外有一边有些人在谈生态文明 On the other hand, some people are talking about ecological civilization.
这两个可以说是亦步亦趋 These two can be said to be in step with each other.
最后是互相得意建账 Finally, we are proud of each other.
这两个是一回事 These two are the same thing.
它就是生态文明 It is an ecological civilization.
可持续发展的思想基础 The ideological basis of sustainable development
主要讲理念 Mainly about ideas
讲观点 Make a point of view
讲一些哲学的理念 Talk about some philosophical ideas
但是实际上还得跟经济发展连起来 But in fact, it has to be linked to economic development.
要灌输到各个方面 To be indoctrinated in every way
然后我就不念了 And then I stopped reading
当时胡锦涛主席提出来的几大方面 Several major aspects proposed by president Hu Jintao at that time
然后我们国家统计局曾经做过全面建设小康社会的监测指标体系 Then our national Bureau of statistics has done a comprehensive construction of a well-off society of the monitoring indicators system.
但是提的很好 But it's very good.
六大方面 Six aspects
有资源的 Resource
有环境的 Environmentally friendly
有生活有经济的 Living and economic
但是最后没有怎么用 But in the end it didn't work
现在所以我们还要建立新的指标机制 Now we have to set up a new indicator mechanism.
最后我们来讲到我们的本态就是生城镇化与生态文明建设 Finally, we will talk about our own state is the birth of urbanization and ecological civilization construction.
我觉得生态文明建设跟城镇化一样 I think the construction of ecological civilization is the same as urbanization.
要从六大方面 From six aspects
六大方面跟城镇化都关系很大 The six major areas have a lot to do with urbanization.
城镇化是工业化的必然的一个产物 Urbanization is an inevitable outcome of industrialization.
城镇化是一个人类社会进步的标志 Urbanization is a symbol of human social progress.
富裕进步更文明的一个标志 A sign of prosperity, progress, and civilization.
但是城镇化和工业化两个也都有很多的这个弱点 But both urbanization and industrialization have many weaknesses.
比方说环境污染严重 For example, environmental pollution is serious.
我们说城市里头的环境污染要比污染源要比农村多了 We say that there are more pollution sources in the city than in the countryside.
然后生态破坏 And then ecological destruction
然后资源消耗 Then resource consumption
城镇化工业化都会带来这些弊病 The industrialization of cities and towns will bring these ills.
那么现在我们城镇化的过程 So now the process of urbanization
一定要把生态文明建设融入全过程各方面 We must integrate the construction of ecological civilization into all aspects of the whole process.
然后我认为这六大方面我不敢去把政治建设是什么经济先这样来谈 Then I think that these six major areas, I do not dare to political construction is what the economy to talk about first.
因为我怕谈的不全面 Because I'm afraid that the talk is not comprehensive.
我就从自己体会比较深的六大方面 I know the six major aspects from myself.
六个领域我们来看看 Let's look at six areas.
第一个是生产领域 The first is the field of production.
我觉得在生产领域来实行生态文明建设 I think we should carry out the construction of ecological civilization in the field of production.
就是要发展循环经济 We need to develop circular economy.
传统的线性经济就是这头开采资源 The traditional linear economy is the exploitation of resources.
然后生产 And then produce
然后消费最后扔掉 Then the consumption is finally thrown away.
做废物 Waste
结果就是资源消耗的很快 The result is that resources are consumed quickly.
污染物排放的很多 A lot of pollutant emissions
所以就不能够持续 So it can't last
而现在我们要把这个直线型的经济变成是循环的 And now we're going to turn this linear economy into a cycle.
实际上变就是变在最后淘汰的产品消费已经要更新的产品不要扔到 In fact, change is the change in the final elimination of product consumption has to be updated products do not throw.
垃圾堆 Dump
而要把它变成再生资源 And to turn it into a renewable resource
再来回收利用 Reuse
它变成一个循环 It becomes a cycle
这个必然可以把大量消耗资源变成是节约资源 This will certainly be able to consume a lot of resources into saving resources.
把低效率的利用资源变成是高效率利用资源 Turn inefficient use of resources into efficient use of resources.
把大量的排放污染物变成是减少污染物的排放 Turning a large number of emission pollutants into a reduction in the discharge of pollutants.
那么我们循环经济包括了生产 So our circular economy includes production
包括了消费 Including consumption
又要节约资源 We should also save resources.
又要保护环境 To protect the environment
更可持续发展 More sustainable development
完全是连一块 It's all connected
然后循环进去有三个的原则 And then there are three principles to go around
大家可能都听说过了 Everyone may have heard of it.
就是windows比赛扣auc这三个原则 It is the three principles of windows game deduction
一个减少资源的消耗 A reduction in resource consumption.
减少废物的排放 Waste reduction
一个要循环利用 One to recycle
任何资源 Any resource
任何办产品 Any office product
任何产品都要注意循环 Any product should pay attention to the cycle.
另外一个就是把废弃的东西变成资源再生 The other is to turn discarded things into resources for regeneration.
那么这三个中间第一个最要紧要放在最优先地位 Then the first of the three is of the highest priority.
因为你假如前面浪费 Because if you waste in front
用了好多 Use a lot
后边老来循环 Back loop
你还是要浪费能源 You still have to waste energy
对吧 Right
另外一个一定要做到无毒化 The other one must be harmless.
无害化 Harmless
有毒的有害的物质老循环 Toxic harmful substances old cycle
最后怎么样 How about the end
毒性越来越高 Increasing toxicity
是不是 Isn't it
然后我们关于工业化的问题 And then we talk about industrialization
我们中国十六大的时候就提出来了 We proposed it at the 16th national Congress of China.
就是工业化道路 The road to industrialization
我们提了个解释 We offered an explanation
就是要以信息化带动工业化 It is necessary to promote industrialization with information technology.
以工业化促进信息化 Promoting informatization through industrialization
我相信大家体会的要比我深 I believe that we all know more than I do.
因为你们掌握信息技术肯定比我要强 Because you must be better at it than I am
另外一段话 Another passage
大家看 Everybody look
所谓的新型工业化道路要科技含量高 The so-called new road of industrialization should be high in science and technology.
经济效益好 Economic benefit is good
资源消耗低 Low resource consumption
环境污染少 Less environmental pollution
人力资源优势得到充分发挥 The advantage of human resources has been brought into full play.
这个话有没有一点像我们中国的老话叫又要马儿好 Is there anything like the old Chinese saying that you should have a good horse again?
又要马儿不吃草 The horse will not eat grass again
是不是 Isn't it
你经济效益要好的 You have better economic returns.
但是你资源消耗要少 But you need to consume less resources.
你环境污染也要少 Your environment is less polluted.
这个要求很高 This requirement is very high.
靠什么 On what?
一个靠科技含量高 One is high in technology
靠我们刚才讲的要提高生态效率 We have just talked about improving ecological efficiency.
另外一个靠我们中国有那么多人 There are so many people in China.
人力资源要充分的发挥 Human resources should be brought into full play
这个提法我认为是在我们等会我好像有那个片子 I think I have that film in a while.
是我觉得是非常好的 But I think it's very good.
一个新 A new
尽管中国因为还没有到工业化还没实现 Although China has not yet been industrialized, it has not yet come true.
但是我们不能走美国欧洲日本过去的工业化道路 But we can't go along the road of industrialization in the past in the United States, Europe and Japan.
日本还好一点 Japan is a little better
我们一定要走新型工业化道路 We must take a new road of industrialization.
我后边抄了两个 I copied two from behind.
这个是美国人提的 This is raised by the Americans.
就是第三次工业革命 The third industrial revolution
中国不能落后 China can't fall behind.
他认为第三次工业革命是绿色科技为领先的工业革命 He considered the third industrial revolution to be the leading industrial revolution in green technology.
我觉得讲得很好 I think it's very good.
那么另外有一个这个没弄 Then there's another one that's not done
德国有一个 There is one in Germany
大家有没有知道德国叫工业 Do you know that Germany is called industry?
4.0他是说机械化电气化 4.0 he means mechanized electrification
然后什么 And then what?
能源什么 Energy what?
然后第四个工业4.0它的具体解释是什么 Then the fourth industry 4.0 what is its specific explanation?
互联网加制造业 Internet plus manufacturing
我觉得德国工业4.0是有很大的片缺 I think there is a big gap in German industry 4.0
第一是光强调了互联网 The first is the emphasis on the Internet.
强调了信息化 Emphasize the informatization
没有强调绿色化 No emphasis on greenery
比中国的比美国的都缺了 More than in China than in the United States.
第二个只强调了制造业 The second only emphasizes manufacturing.
这个是不够的 This is not enough
德国制造业很发达 German manufacturing is very developed.
他重视制造业的改造 He attached great importance to the transformation of the manufacturing industry.
但是不能代表新型工业化的全部 But it doesn't represent the whole of new industrialization.
比如说化工企业是制造业吗 For example, is the chemical industry manufacturing?
化工企业不是制造业 Chemical enterprises are not manufacturing industries.
但是化工企业你都能关门吗 But can you close the chemical industry?
过去产生很多污染问题 There have been many pollution problems in the past.
都是化工企业的 They are all from chemical enterprises.
最现在能关门吗 Can I close the door now
我们关门 We close the door
我们这个社会就不能进步了 We can't make progress in our society.
其他的工业也不能发展 No other industry can develop.
我们的前途就是要把绿色化学绿色化工 Our future is to turn green chemistry into green chemistry.
我们现在有很多具体的例子 We now have many concrete examples.
工业化的成功 The success of industrialization
我们要推行清洁生产 We need cleaner production
我就不时间关系不详细展开了 I don't think the time is running out.
然后绿色的制造业 Then green manufacturing
美国人又叫在制造业这个地方我要讲一下 Americans are also called in the manufacturing industry, I would like to talk about this place.
就是它很非常的聪明 It's very clever.
他把淘汰的机械产品 He eliminated the mechanical products.
它把它的零部件拆开 It takes its parts apart
然后他分析哪些零部件是在新产品上还可以再用的 Then he analyzed which parts could be reused in the new product.
因为你手机更新换代了 Because your mobile phone has been upgraded
但是并不是百分之百的零部件都要更新 However, not 100 percent of the parts have to be updated.
关键的可能新版要更新 Key possible new versions to update.
然后他把旧的零部件用的新的产品上 Then he put the old parts on the new products.
它就叫remynew It's called remynw
factory Factory
这样一来的话 In this way
你看美国的统计下来 Look at the American statistics.
节约材料70% Save material 70%
节约能源70% Save energy 70%
成本只要50% The cost is only 50%.
那么我们中国有一位工程院的院士是部队的一位上将 Then we have an academician of the Academy of engineering in China who is a general of the army.
他就是搞再制造的 He was just making it again
搞得好极了 Well done
而且某些方面比美国还要先进 And in some ways more advanced than the United States.